BULL. 30] 



BASKETRY 



133 



bine different plants with a view to the 

 union of beauty and strenjith in the prod- 

 uct. The tools and apparatus of the bas- 

 ket maker, who 

 was nearly always ,J \\M!1 



a woman, were 

 most skilful fin- 

 gers, aided by fin- 

 ger nails for gauge, 

 teeth for a third 

 hand or for nip- 

 pers, astone knife, 

 a bone awl, and 

 polishers of shell 

 or gritty stone. 

 She knew a multitude of dyes, and in some 

 instances the bark was chewed and the 

 splint drawn between the lips. In later 



^ 



Three-Strand braiding 



CROSS-SECTIONS OF VARIETIES OF COILED BASKETRY. ,(. 

 COILED, WITHOUT FOUNDATION; b, SIMPLE INTERLOCKING 

 COILS; c, SINGLE-ROD FOUNDATION; (I, TWO-ROD FOUNDA- 

 TION; e, ROD-AND-SPLINT FOUNDATION; /, TWO-ROD-AND- 

 SPLINT foundation; g, THREE-ROD FOUNDATION; /(, SPLINT 

 foundation; ;, GRASS-COIL FOUNDATION 



times knives, awls, scissors, and other 

 utensils and tools of steel were added. 

 In its technic basketry is divided into two 

 species — woven and coiled. Woven bas- 



HUPA FOOD Tl 



(,-9) 



ketry has warp and weft, and leads up to 

 loom work in softer materials. Of this 

 species there are the following varieties: 

 Checker- 

 work, in 

 which the 

 warp and 

 weft pass 

 over and 

 under one 

 a n < ) t h e r 



singly and are indistinguishable; twilled 

 work, in which each element of the weft 

 passes over and then under two or more 

 warp elements, producing by varying 

 width and 

 color an end- 

 less variety 

 of effects; 

 wickerwork, 

 in which the 

 warp of one 

 larger or two 

 o r m o r e 

 smaller ele- 

 ments is in- 

 flexible, and 

 the bending 

 is done in 

 the w eft; 

 wrapped work, wherein the warp is not 

 flexed, and the weft in passing a warp 

 element is wrapped once around it, varied 

 by drawing both warj) and weft tight so 

 as to form half of 

 a square knot; 

 twined work, in 

 which the warp is 

 not bent and the 

 weft is made up of 

 two or more ele- 

 ments, one of them 

 passing behind each 

 warp element as the 

 weaving progresses. 

 Of this last variety 

 there are many styles — plain twined, 

 twilled twined, crossed or divided Marp 

 with twined work, wrapped, or bird-cage 

 weaving, three-strand twining after sev- 

 eral methods, 



and three -strand ^^M^sSMMSSSi^^^^ 

 braid. Coiled 

 basketry is not 

 weaving, but sew- 

 ing, and leads up 

 to point lace. The 

 work is done by 

 sewing or whip- 

 ping together, in 

 a flat or ascending coil, a continuous 

 foundation of rod, splint, shredded fiber, 

 or grass, and it receives various names 

 from the kinds of foundation employed 

 and the manner of applying the stitches; 

 or the sewing may form genuine lace 

 work of interlocking stitches without 



Storage Baske 



HUPA CARRYING BASKET 



(,-20) 



