166 



BRITISH BAND BRULE 



[b. a. e. 



their home on Niobrara r., S. Dak. Not 

 long afterward Susette accompanied her 

 father to Indian Territory, where he went 

 to render such help as he could to his sick 

 and dying relatives among the Ponca. 

 The heroic determination of the Ponca 

 chief, Standing Bear, to lead his band back 

 to their northern home; their sufferings 

 during their march of more than 600 m. ; 

 his arrest and imprisonment; and, after 

 a sharp legal struggle, his release by 

 habeas corpus, in accordance with Judge 

 Dundy's decision that "an Indian is a 

 person" (U. S. /'. Crook, 5 Dillon, 453), 

 led to steps being taken by a committee of 

 citizens to bring the matter of Indian re- 

 movals before the public. Arrangements 

 were made to have Standing Bear, accom- 

 panied by Susette La Flesche and her 

 brother, visit the principal cities of the 

 United States under the direction of Mr 

 T. H. Tibbies, and tell the story of the 

 Ponca removal. The name "Bright 

 Eyes" was given Susette, and under that 

 cognomen she entered upon her public 

 work. Her clear exposition of the case, 

 her eloquent ap})eals for humanity toward 

 her race, her grace and dignity of diction 

 and bearing aroused the interest of the 

 thousands who listened to her. As a re- 

 sult, a request was urged on the Govern- 

 ment that there be no more removals 

 of tribes, and this request has been re- 

 spected when practicable. In 1881 Bright 

 Eyes married Mr T. H. Tibbies. Later 

 she and her husband visited England 

 and Scotland, where she made a number 

 of addresses. After her return to this 

 country she lived in Lincoln, Neb., and 

 maintained activity with her pen until 

 her death in 1902. (a. c. f.) 



British Band. A former band of the 

 Sauk and Foxes. See Sauk. 



Broken Arrows. A hunting band of 

 Sioux found on the Platte by Sage (Scenes 

 in Rocky Mts., 68, 1846); possibly the 

 Cazazhita. 



Broken Tooth. The son of Biauswah 

 and chief of the Sandy Lake Chippewa, 

 also referred to as Kadewabedas and Cat- 

 awatabeta (strictly Ma'kadewdbidis, from 

 ma'kade 'black,' ivdbidis 'tooth' ), and by 

 the French Breche-dent. He is spoken of 

 as a little boy in 1763, and is mentioned 

 in 1805 by Lieut. Z. M. Pike, who be- 

 stowed on him a medal and a flag, and 

 according to whom his band at that time 

 numbered but 45 men. Broken Tooth 

 was one of the signers of the treaty of 

 Prairie du Chien, Aug. 19, 1825; his 

 death occurred in 1828. His daughter 

 was the wife of Ermatinger, a British 

 trader. (*^-. '^•.) 



Brotherton. The name of two distinct 

 bands, each formed of remnantsof various 

 Algonquian tribes. The best-known band 

 was composed of individuals of the Ma- 



hican, Wappinger, Mohegan, Pequot, 

 Narraganset, etc., of Connecticut and 

 Rhode Island, and of the Montauk and 

 others from Long Island, who settled in 

 1788 on land given them by the Oneida 

 at the present Marshall, Oneidaco., N. Y., 

 near tlie settlement then occupied by the 

 Stockbridges. Those of New England 

 were mainly from Farmington, Stoning- 

 ton, Groton, Mohegan, and Niantic 

 ( Lyme ) , in Connecticut, and from Charles- 

 town in Rhode Island. They all went 

 under the leadership of Samson Occum, 

 the Indian minister, and on arriving in 

 Oneida co. called their settlement Broth- 

 erton. As their dialects were different 

 they adopted the English language. They 

 numbered 250 in 1791. In 1833 they re- 

 moved to Wisconsin with the Oneida and 

 Stockbridges and settled on the e. side of 

 Winnebago lake, in Calumet co., where 

 they soon after abandoned their tribal rela- 

 tions and became citizens, together with 

 the other emigrant tribes settled near 

 Green Bay. They are called Wapanachki, 

 "eastern people," by the neighboring 

 Algonquian tribes. 



The other band of that name was com- 

 posed of Raritan and other divisions of the 

 Delawares who, according to Ruttenber 

 (Tribes Hudson River, 293, 1872), occu- 

 pied a reservation called Brotherton, in 

 Burlington co., N. J., until 1802, when 

 they accepted an invitation to unite with 

 the Stockbridges and Brothertons then 

 living in Oneida co., N. Y. In 1832 they 

 sold their last rights in New Jersey. They 

 were then reduced to about 40 souls and 

 were officially recognized as Delawares 

 and claimed territory s. of the Raritan as 

 their ancient home. Their descendants 

 are pro])ably to be found among the 

 Stockbridges in Wisconsin. (j. m.) 



Brotherton.— Ft Schuvler treaty (1788) quoted by 

 Hall, N. W. States, 66, 1849. Brothertown.— Kirk- 

 land (1795) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 1st s., iv, 

 67-93, 1795. Nieii'tken.— J. N. B. Hewitt, inf'n, 

 1886 ('they two are brothers': Tuscarora name) . 

 Wapanachki. — See Abnaki. 



Brownstown. A former Wyandot vil- 

 lage in Wayne co., Mich., included in a 

 reservation of about 2,000 acres granted to 

 the Wyandot, Feb. 28, 1809, and ceded 

 to the United States by treatv of Sept. 20, 

 1818. 



Brule ( 'burned,' the French translation 

 of Sichdngxu, 'burnt thighs,' their own 

 name, of indefinite origin). A subtribe 

 of the Teton division of the great Dakota 

 tril)e. Thev are mentioned by Lewis 

 and Clark "(1804) as the Tetons of the 

 Burnt Woods, numbering about 300 men, 

 "who rove on both sides of the Missouri, 

 White, and Teton rs." In 1806 tliey 

 were on the k. side of the Missouri from 

 the mouth of the White to Teton r. 

 Hayden (Ethnog. and Philol. Mo. Val- 

 ley, 372, 1862) describes the country 



