200 



CANASTIGAONE CANNIBALISM 



[b. a. e. 



1742. A dispute arose between the Dela- 

 ware Indians and the government of 

 Pennsylvania concerning a tract of land 

 in the forks of Delaware r. It was on 

 this occasion, evidently in accordance 

 with a preconcerted arrangement between 

 the governor of Pennsylvania and the 

 Iroquois chief, that the latter, addressing 

 the Delawares, made the memorable 

 statement : ' ' How came you to take upon 

 you to sell land at all? We conquered 

 you; we made women of you; you know 

 you are women, and can no more sell 

 laud than women. We cliarge you to 

 remove instantly; we don't give you 

 liberty to think of it." The choice of 

 Wyoming and Shamokin was granted, 

 and the Delawares yielded. Little more 

 is recorded regarding this chief. His son, 

 Hans Jacob, resided on the Ohio in 1758. 



(C. T.) 



Canastigaone. A former Mohawk vil- 

 lage on the N. side of Mohawk r., just 

 above Cohoes Falls, N. Y. 



Canastigaone, — Tyron, map of Prov. N. Y., 1779. 

 Canastigione, — Doc. Hist. N. Y., II, index, 1849. 

 Connestigunes.— Maeauley, N. Y., II, 295, 1829. 

 Nistigione.— DdC. Hist. N. Y., 11,235,1849. 



Canatlan {kan-at-la)/). A former Te- 

 pehuane pueblo on the upper waters of 

 the Eio San Pedro, central Durango, Mex- 

 ico.— Orozco y Berra, Geog., 319, 1864. 



Candelaria ( Span. : ' Candlemas ' ) . One 

 of three Spanish Franciscan missions, the 

 ■ others being San Ildefonso and San Ja- 

 vier, founded in 1744 on San Xavier r. , 

 perhaps a branch of the Rio Colorado, in 

 Texas, among the Lipan Apache and 

 other wild tribes. When it was proposed 

 to transfer it to San Antonio the Indians 

 ran away, and in 1758 the mission was 

 abandoned. There had been 144 bap- 

 tisms in the three missions during this 

 period. In 1761-62 another mission called 

 Candelaria, together with one called San 

 Lorenzo, was founded among 400 Lipan, 

 and perhaps other Indians, on upper San 

 Antonio r., but these w^ere abandoned 

 by order of the viceroy of Mexico in 1767. 

 See Bancroft, No. Mex. States, i, 1886; 

 Garrison, Texas, 1903. (f. w. h.) 



Candeleras.— Villa-Senor, Teatro Am., 411-422, 

 1748. Nuestra Senora de la Candelaria. — .Vrricivita 

 cited by Buschmaiin, Spuren der Azt. Spr., 308. 



Caneadea {Gd-on^-hia'-di-o><\ 'it (sky) 

 impinges on it'). A former Seneca vil- 

 lage on the site of Caneadea, Allegany 

 CO., N. Y. Being the most distant south- 

 erly from the lower Genesee r. towns, 

 and protected by mountains, it escaped 

 destruction by Sullivan in 1779, as he 

 turned northAvard from Dayoitgao. Ca- 

 neadea, which was a "castle" and for 

 many years had a council lodge, was 

 the point of dei>arture of the Seneca on 

 their war expeditions to the w. and s. w. 



(j. N. B. H.) 

 Canaseder, — Procter (1791) in Am: St. Papers, iv, 

 151, 1832. Caneadea. — Morgan, League Iroq., 467, 



1851 (socalled by whites). Caneadia,— Day, Penn., 

 248, 1843. Carrahadeer,— Procter (1791) in Am. St. 

 Papers, iv, 1.58, 1x32. Gao'yadeo. — Morgan, League 

 Iroq., 467,18.51. Kaounadeau. — Miirris deed (1797) 

 in Am. St. Papers, iv,»VJ7, 1S32. Karaghiyadirha. — 

 Johnson map (co. 1770 1 cited in X. Y. Doc. Col. 

 Hist., vil, 723, 1856. Karathyadirs.— Johnson Hall 

 conf. (1705). ibid. 



Canienga ('at the place of the flint'). 

 A former Mohawk castle situated at the 

 distance of a ))ow-shot from the n. side of 

 INIohawk r., N. Y. The Mohawk name 

 for themselves is derived from this place. 

 In 1677 it had a double palisade with 4 

 ports inclosing 24 lodges, (j. n. b. h.) 

 Agnie. — For forms of this name, see Moliawk. 

 Agniee. — Jes. Rel. for 16.56, 3, 18.58. Agniegrue, — Jes. 

 Rel.^for 1658, 3, 1858. Aniegue.— Ibid., 11. An- 

 niene. — Jes. Rel. for 16.52, 9, 1S.5S. Cahaniaga. — 

 Greenhalgh (1677) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hi.st., iii, 

 250, 1S.53. Decanohoge.— Hansen (1700), ibid., iv, 

 802, ls54. Dekanoge.— Livingston (1700), ibid., 65.5. 

 Tipper Mohawk Castle, — Morgan, League Iroq., 

 474, 1851 (common English name). 



Canjauda. Mentioned as a former Creek 

 town in Cherokee co., Ala.— Sen. Doc. 67, 

 26th Cong., 2d sess., 1, 1841. 



Cannel coal. See Jet. 



Cannetquot. Described by Thompson 

 (Long Id., 293, 1839) as a semi-tribe or 

 family occupying in 1683 the e. side of 

 Connetquot r., alaout Patchogue, in Suf- 

 folk CO., I^ong Island, N. Y. In another 

 place he includes this territory as part of 

 that belonging to the Patchoag. The 

 name seems to be a dialectal form of Con- 

 necticut, (j. M.) 



Cannibalism. In one form or another 

 cannibalism has been practised among 

 probably all peoples at some period of 

 their tribal life. In America there are 

 numerous recorded references to its occur- 

 rence within historic times among the 

 Brazilians, Carib of northern South 

 America, the Aztec and other Mexican 

 tribes, and among many of the Indians 

 N. of Mexico. The word itself, now more 

 commonly used than the older term 

 anthropophagy, is derived from Carib 

 through Spanish corruption. Restricting 

 treatment of the subject to the tribes n. 

 of Mexico, many evidences of cannibal- 

 ism in some form are found — from the 

 ingestion, j)erhaps obligatory, of small 

 quantities of human flesh, blood, brain, or 

 marrow, as a matter of ceremony, to the 

 consumption of such parts for food under 

 stress of hunger, or even as a matter of 

 taste. Among the tribes which practised 

 it, in one or another of these forms, may 

 be mentioned the ^loutagnais, and some 

 of the tribes of Maine; the Algonkin, 

 Armouchiquois, iMicmac, and Iroquois; 

 farther w. the Assiniboin, Gree, Foxes, 

 Miami, Ottawa, Chippewa, Illinois, Kick- 

 apoo, Sioux, and Winnebago; in thes. the 

 people who built the mounds in Florida 

 (see Calusa), and theTonkawa, Attacapa, 

 Karankawa, Kiowa, Caddo, and Coman- 

 che(?); in the n. w. and w. parts of the 

 continent, the Thlingchadinnehand other 



