BULL. 30] 



CARMANAH CASA GRANDE 



209 



June 30, 1904, when he was succeeded 

 by Maj. (then Capt. ) William A. Mercer, 

 IJ. S. A. See Education. (j. h. d. ) 



Carmanah. A Nitinat village near Bo- 

 nilla pt., s. w. coast of Vancouver id.; 

 pop. 46 in 1902.— Can. Ind. Aff., 264, 

 1902. 



Carmel. A Moravian mission at the 

 mouth of Nushagak r., Alaska (Bruce, 

 Alaska, map, 1885); pop. 189 in 1890, 

 381 in 1900. 



Carolina tea. See Black drink. 



Caromanie ( 'walking turtle'). An un- 

 identified Winnebago gens. — McKennev 

 and Hall, Ind. Tribes, i, 315; ii, 289, 1854. 



Carrizo (Span.: 'reed grass,' Phrag- 

 mites CQuurmnis). Asmallbandof Apache, 

 probably the clan Klokadakaydn, ' Car- 

 rizo or Arrow-reed people,' q. v. The 

 name is also applied to a Navaho locality 

 and to those Indians living about Car- 

 rizo mts., X. E. Ariz. (Cortez, 1799, in 

 Pac. R. R. Rep., iii, pt. 3, 119, 1856). 

 In the latter case it has no ethnic signifi- 

 cance. 



Cariso. — Bollaert in Jour. Ethnol. Soc. Lond., ii, 

 265, 1850 (misprint). Carrizallenos. — Hamilton, 

 Mexican Handbook, 48, 1883 (probably the same). 



Carrizo. The Coahuiltecan Indians be- 

 tween Camargo and Matamoras and along 

 theGnlf coastinN. e. Tamaulipas, Mexico, 

 includingthe remnants of theComecrudo, 

 Pinto or Pakawa, Tejon, Cotonam, and 

 Casas Chiquitas tribes or bands, gathered 

 about Charco Escondido; so called com- 

 prehensively by the white Mexicans in 

 later years. Previous to 1886, according to 

 Gatschet, who visited the region in that 

 year, they used the Comecrudo and Mexi- 

 can-Spanish languages, and he found that 

 of the 30 or 35 then living scarcely 10 

 remembered anything of their native 

 tongue. They repudiated the name 

 Carrizo, calling themselves Comecrudo. 

 It is probable that the Comecrudo was 

 the ruling tribe represented in the group. 

 The last chief elected by them was Mar- 

 celino, who died before 1856. This ex- 

 plains the later use of the name, but 

 Orozco y Berra (Geog., 294, 308, 1864) 

 and Mota Padilla (Hist, de la Conq., 

 1742, Ixix, 1870) mention them as a 

 distinct tribe, the former stating that they 

 were common to Coahuila and Tamauli- 

 pas. It ai>pears, however, tliat the name 

 Carrizo was applied to the Comecrudo 

 (q. V. ) at this earlier date, and that it has 

 generally 1 )een used as synonymous there- 

 with. The Carrizos are known to the 

 Kiowa and the Tonkawa as the 'shoe- 

 less peo{)le,' because they wore sandals 

 instead of moccasins. Some Carrizo cap- 

 tives still live among the Kiowa. 



Comecrudos.— Uhde, Die Lander, 120, 185, 1861. 

 Dohe'iiko.— Mooncy in 17th Rep. B. A. E.,^ 400, 

 1898 ('shoeless people': Kiowa name). Kaeso. — 

 Gatschet, Tonkawa MS., B. A. E., 18,s4 (Tonkawa 

 name). Ka'nhe'nko. — Mooney, op. cil. (another 

 Kiowa name, same meaning). Kapuat. — Pimeu- 



tel, Cuadro Descr., ii, 347, 1865 (given as a Co- 

 manche division, but really the Comanche name 

 for the Carrizo: 'shoeless people.' — J. M.). ftue- 

 tahtore. — Ibid. Yi'ata'tehenko. — Mooney, op. cit. 

 (another Kiowa name, same meaning). 



Caruana. A tribe of 96 individuals, 

 mentioned as on Ft Tejon res. , s. central 

 Cal., in 1862. They were probably Sho- 

 shonean or Mariposan. — Wentworth in 

 Ind. Aff. Rep., 324, 1862. 

 Sierra. — Wentworth, ibid. 



Carving. See A rt, Sculpture, Wood-work. 



Casa Blanca (Span.: 'white house'). 

 Formerly a summer village of the Laguna 

 tribe, but now permanently inhabited; 

 situated 4j m. w. of Laguna pueblo, Val- 

 encia CO., N. Mex. 



Casa Blanco. — Donaldson, Moqui Pueblo Inds., 

 123, 1893 (misprint). Pur-tyi-tyi-ya. — Hodge, field 

 notes, B. A. E., 1895 (proper name: 'edge of the 

 hill on the west'). Pu-sit-yit-cho. — Hodge (fide 

 Pradt) in Am. Anthrop., iv, 346, 1891. 



Casa Blanca (so called on account of a 

 pueblo ruin in the vicinity; see Casa 

 Montezuma) . A Pima village consisting of 

 about 50 scattered houses on Gila r., e. 

 Ariz. It contained 535 inhabitants in 

 1858 and 315 in 1869. 



Casa Blanca.— Bailev in Ind. Aff. Rep., 208, 1858. 

 Va'-aki.— Russell, Pima MS., B. A. E., 18, 1902 

 (Pima name: 'ancient house'). Va Vak.— Stout 

 in Ind. AfY. Rep. 1871, 59, 1872 (probably the 

 same). 



Casa Blanca. A ruined cliff pueblo in 

 Canyon de Chelly, in the present Navaho 

 country, n. e. Ariz. — Wheeler Survey 

 Rep., VII, 373, 1879. 



Casa Chiquita (Span.: 'small house'). 

 A small ruined pueblo I5 m. w. of Pueblo 

 Bonito, on the n. side of the arroyo, 

 against the mesa wall, in Chaco canyon, 

 N. w. N. Mex. It is in the form of a solid 

 parallelogram, 78 by 63 ft. A consider- 

 able part of the building was occupied 

 by 2 large circular kivas. The rooms on 

 the ground floor were mostly about 5 by 8 

 ft. in dimension. The pueblo was origi- 

 nally 4 stories high, but is now in a very 

 ruinous condition, although such walls 

 as remain standing display excellent 

 workmanship, a well-preserved corner 

 being found true to the square and plum- 

 met, (e. l. h.) 



Casa del Eco (Span.: 'house of the 

 echo' ). A large cliff village in San Juan 

 canyon, s. Utah, 12 m. below the mouth 

 of Montezuma canyon. Described by 

 Gannett in Pop. Sci. Mo., 671, Mar., 1880; 

 Hardacre in Scribner's Mag., 274, Dec, 

 1878; Jackson in 10th Rep. Havden Sur- 

 vey, 420, 1879. 



Casa Grande (Span.: 'great house'). 

 The principal structure of an extensive 

 jirehistoric ruined pueblo 5 m. s. of Gila r., 

 9 m. s. w. from Florence, Pinal co., Ariz. 

 It was first mentioned by the Jesuit 

 Father Eusebio Kino, or Kuehne, who 

 said mass within its walls in Nov., 1694, 

 and who again visited it in 1697 and 1699. 

 In Kino's time the great house was of 4 

 stories but roofless, and its condition 



Bull. 30—05- 



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