BULL. 30] 



CORUANO COSTE 



351 



El Corral, —Ortega (1775) quoted by Bancroft, 



Hist.Cal., I, 254, 1884. 



Coruano. One of 4 unidentified tribes, 

 probably Shoshonean, formerly living e. 

 of Tejon pass, s. Cal. — Taylor in Cal. 

 Farmer, May 8, 1863. 



Cosaque ( probably from ko"shak, ' reed ' ) . 

 An unidentified town in n. e. Alabama, in 

 the same region as Cossa (Kusa), visited 

 by Juan Pardo in 1565. — Vandera (1567) 

 in Smith, Colec. Doc. Fla., i, 18, 1857. 



Cosattuck. A Pequot village in 1667, 

 probably near Stonington, New London 

 CO., Conn. 



Causattuck. — Noyes (1667) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 

 3d s., X, 67-68, 1849. Cosattuck,— Denison (1666), 

 ibid., 64. 



Coshocton (Heckewelder derives a sim- 

 ilar name, Coshecton, from gichiecldon 

 (Germanform), 'finished,' 'completed'). 

 Formerly the chief town of the Turtle 

 tribe of the Delaware?, on the site of Co- 

 shocton, Coshocton CO., Ohio. Destroyed 

 by the whites in 1781. Cf. Goshgoshunk. 

 Cashictan.— Peters (1760) in Mass. Hist. .Soc. Coll., 

 4th s., IX, 300, 1871. Coochocking.— Buttertifld, 

 Washington-Irvine Cor., 9, 1882. Cooshacking. — 

 Ibid, Coshockton.— Rupp, West Penn., 201, 1S46. 

 Coshocton. — Heckewelder (1781) quoted by But- 

 tertield, op. cit., 51, Goschachguenk, — Drake, Bk, 

 Inds., bk, 5, 59, 1848. Goschaching.— Writer of 

 1784 in Harris, Tour, 214, 1805. Goschachking. — 

 Heckewelder in Trans. Am, Pliilos, Soc, iv, 391, 

 1834, Goschochking,— Drake, Bk, Inds., bk. 5, 61, 

 1848. Goshachking. — Heckewelder, op. cit. Go- 

 shochking. — ^Ibid. Kushacton. — Penteco.st (1782) 

 inButterfield, op. cit., 242. Kushocton.— Ibid., 241. 



Cosoy. A Diegueno rancheria at which 

 the mission of San Diego (q. v.) was es- 

 tablished in 1769; situated at the pres- 

 ent Old Town, on San Diego bay, s. Cal. 



Cossarl, Marked by Jefferys (French 

 Dom. Am., i, map, 134, 1761) as a native 

 town on the extreme head of Yadkin r., 

 in the mountains of n. w. North Carolina. 

 Unidentified. ' 



Costanoan Family. A linguistic family 

 on the coast of central California. In 1877 

 Powell (Cont. N. A. Ethnol., in, 535) es- 

 tablished a family which he called Mutsun, 

 extending from San Francisco to Soledad 

 and from the sea inland to the Sierras, 

 and including an area in the Marin co. 

 penin., n. of San Francisco bay, and gave 

 vocabularies from various parts of this 

 territory. In 1891 (7th Rep. B. A. E., 

 70, 92, map) Powell divided this area be- 

 tween two families, Moquelumnan and 

 Costanoan. The Moquelumnan family 

 occupied the portion of the old Mutsun 

 territory e. of San Joaquin r. and n. of 

 San Francisco bay. 



The territory of the Costanoan family 

 extended from the Pacific ocean to San 

 Joaquin r., and from the Golden Gate 

 and Suisun bay on the n. to Pt Sur on the 

 coast and a point a short distance s. of 

 Soledad in the Salinas valley on the s. 

 Farther inland the s. boundary is uncer- 

 tain, though it was probably near Big 

 Panoche cr. The Costanoan Indians lived 



mainly on vegetal products, especially 

 acorns and seeds, though they also o btained 

 fish and mussels, and captured deer and 

 smaller game. Their clothing was scant, 

 the men going naked. Their houses were 

 tule orgrass huts, their boats balsas or rafts 

 of tules. They made baskets, but no pot- 

 tery, and appear to have been as primi- 

 tive as most of the tribes of California. 

 They burned the dead. The Rumsen of 

 Monterey looked upon the eagle, the 

 humming bird, and the coyote as the 

 original inhabitants of the world, and 

 they venerated the redwood. Their 

 languages were simple and harmonious. 

 Seven missions — San Carlos, Soledad, San 

 Juan Bautista, Santa Cruz, Santa Clara, 

 San Jose, and Dolores (San Francisco) — 

 were established in Costanoan territory 

 by the Franciscans subsequent to 1770, 

 and continued until their confiscation by 

 the Mexican government in 1834, when 

 the Indians were scattered. The surviv- 

 ing individuals of Costanoan blood may 

 number to-day 25 or 30, most of them 

 "Mexican" in life and manners rather 

 than Indian. 



True tribes did not exist in Costanoan 

 territory, the groups mentioned below 

 being small and probably little more 

 than village communities, without politi- 

 cal connection or even a name other than 

 that of the locality they inhabited. 



The following divisions or settlements 

 have been recognized: Ah waste, Altah- 

 mo, Ansaime, Aulintac, Chalone, Cos- 

 tanos, Kalindaruk, Karkin, Mutsun, 

 Olhon, Romonan, Rumsen, Saklan, Tho- 

 mien, Tulomo, and Wacharon (?). 

 =Costano, — Latham in Trans. Philol. .Soc. Lond., 

 82, 18,56 (includes the Ahwastes, Olhones or Cos- 

 tanos, Romonans, Tulomos, Altatmos); Latham, 

 Opuscula, 348, I860. <Mutsun. — Gatschet in Mag. 

 Am. Hist., 157, 1877 (includes Ahwastes, Olhones, 

 Altahmos, Romonans, Tulomos); Powell in Cont. 

 N. A. Ethnol., Ill, 535, 1877 (includes under this- 

 family vocabs. of Costano, MutsQn, Santa Clara, 

 Santa Cruz), Costanoan. — Powell in 7th Rep. 

 B, A. E., 70, map, 1891. 



Costanos (Span. : ' coastmen ' ). Certain 

 tribes or groups belonging to the Costa^ 

 noan family on San Francisco penin., 

 connected with Dolores mission, Cal. 

 The term has been applied to the 01- 

 hone, Ahwaste, Altahmo, Romonan, and 

 Tulomo collectively; also to the Olhone 

 and Ahwaste taken together; and to the 

 Olhone alone. The term was chosen by 

 Powell for the name of the Costanoan 

 familv, q.v. (a. l. k.) 



Coast Indians.— Ind. Aff. Rep., 124, 1850. Coast- 

 men. — Latham in Proc. Philol. Soc. Lond., vi, 

 79, 1S54. Costanoes. — Ind. Aff. Rep., op. cit. 

 Costanos.— Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, li, 506, 1852, 

 Costeno, — Simeon, Diet. Nahuatl, xviii, 1885. 



Coste. A province and town, apparently 

 in Alabama, visited by De Soto in 1540. 

 Biedma says the towns were built on 

 islands in the river. 



Acosta,— Shipp, De Soto and Florida, 373, 1881. 

 Acoste. — Garcilasso de la Vega, La Florida, 141, 



