BULL. 30] 



DWAMTSH DYES AND PIGMENTS 



407 



by him on Hudson r. was in part re- 

 sponsible for many subsequent conflicts 

 between the Dutch and tlie natives. The 

 Dutch were agents in furnishing brandy 

 to the Indians of their territory and to 

 the surrounding tribes, thereby undoing 

 much of the good sought to be accom- 

 pHshed by the French authorities. The 

 United Company of the New Netherlands, 

 which exercised the first controlling in- 

 fluence in the region of Hudson r., was 

 succeeded in 1621 by the powerful West 

 India Company, and in 1632 was founded 

 the fort on Connecticut r. where is now 

 the city of Hartford. The trade in furs 

 with the Pequot and other tribes was ex- 

 tensive. Disputes soon occurred that 

 proved detrimental to trade, and De Forest 

 (Hist. Inds. of Conn., 73, 1852) considers 

 that it was the loss of the Dutch trade 

 which induced the Pequot to invite the 

 English of Massachusetts bay to settle in 

 Connecticut, an act that led ultimately to 

 their own destruction. Quarrels between 

 the Dutch of New Amsterdam and the 

 Indians, and the savage conduct of Gov. 

 Kieft in 1642, led to much slaughter of 

 natives during the next 2 years, and 

 stirred up many of the Connecticut tribes 

 against both the English and the Dutch. 

 Some of them had engaged in intriguing, 

 now against one, now against the other 

 party of the whites. Friederici ( Indianer 

 und Anglo-Americaner, 16, 1900) takes a 

 more favorable view of the attitude of the 

 Dutch toward the Indians in general than 

 that entertained by many authorities. 

 The Dutch helped the Iroquois confed- 

 eracy against the northern Algonquian 

 hordes, and the wars thus initiated were in 

 progress when the English conquest took 

 placte. They also aided the Mahican 

 against the Mohawk (Ruttenber, Ind. 

 Tribes of Hudson R., 56, 1872) and the 

 Seneca against the Munsee, to whom the 

 Swedes had supplied arms. Many trou- 

 bles arose from the cupidity of the traders 

 and settlers who sold firearms and liquors 

 to the Indians, regardless of the general 

 policy of the government (Nelson, Inds. 

 of New Jersey, 1894). An interesting relic 

 of Dutch influence is the title "Kora" 

 given by the modern Iroquois of Canada 

 to the governor-general, or to the King of 

 England, a corruption of Corlaer, the 

 name of one of the Dutch governors of 

 New Amsterdam. (a. f. c. ) 



Dwamish. A small body of Salish near 

 Seattle, Wash., which city was named 

 from a chief of this and the Suquamish 

 tribes. Their proper seat, according to 

 Gibbs, was at the outlet of L. Washing- 

 ton. In 1856 they were removed to the 

 E. shore of Bainbridge id., but owing to 

 the absence of a fishing ground were 

 shortly afterward taken to Holderness 

 point, on the w. side of Elliot bay, which 



was already a favorite place for fishing. 

 The name, being well known, has been 

 improperly applied collectively to a num- 

 ber of distinct bands in this neighbor- 

 hood. Their population about 1856 is 

 variously given from 64 to 312. The 

 renniant is incorporated with the Sno- 

 homish and others under the Tulalip 

 school, N. w. Wash., altogether number- 

 ing 465 in 1904. (,j. R. s.) 

 Dawamish. — Simmons (1856) in H. R. Ex. Doc. 37, 

 34th Cong., 3d sess., 73, IS.'iV. Dewamish.— Sliaw 

 (1856), ibid., 113. Du-a+bc'.— McCaw, Puvalliip, 

 MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1885 (Piivallup name). Dugh- 

 dwabsh.— Mallet in Ind. Aff. Rep., 198, 1877. 

 Dwahmish.— Mavnard (18.56) in H. R. Ex. Doc. 37, 

 34th Cong., 3d sess., 86, 1857. Dwa-mish.— Stevens 

 in Ind. Aflf. Rep., 453, 1854. D'Wamish.— Gibbs in 

 Pac. R. R. Rep., 1,436,18-55. Lake Indians.— Page 

 (1856) in H. R. Ex. Doc. 37,34th Cong., 3d sess., 82, 

 1857. Neamitch.— Farnham, Travels, 111, 1843. 

 Nee-wam-ish. — Starling in Ind. Aff. Rep., 170, 1852. 

 Nowamish.— Gibbs in Pac. R. R. Rep., I, 432, 1855. 

 Nuna-mish.— Starling in Ind. Aff. Rep., 171, 18.52. 

 N'Wamish.— Gibbs In Pac. R. R. Rep., i, 432, 18.55. 

 Port Orchard.— Wilkes, ibid., 435. Tsa-bah-bish.— 

 Maynard (1856) in H. R. Ex. Doc. 37, 34th Cong., 

 3d sess,, 86, 18.57. Tsa-bah -bobs.— Ibid., 82. Tsah- 

 bahbish.— Ibid.,86. T'sakbahbish.— Stevens (1856), 

 ibid., 46. 



Dwarfs. See Anatomy, Physiology, Popu- 

 lar fallacies. 



Dyami {D'ya^-mi). The Eagle clans of 

 the Keresan pueblos of Laguna, Acoma, 

 Santa Ana, Sia, San Felipe, and Cochiti, 

 N. Mex. The Eagle clan of Laguna claims 

 to have come originally from Acoma; that 

 of Acoma forms a phratry with the Soshka 

 (Chaparral-cock) clan, while that of Co- 

 chiti is extinct. (f. w. h.) 



D'yami-hano.— Hodge in Am. Anthrop., IX, 3.50, 

 1896 (Sia, San Felipe, and Santa Ana forms; 

 Mno=' people'). Dyami-hanuch. — Ibid. (CocHiti 

 form). Ti-a'-mi. — Stevenson in 11th Rep. B. A. E., 

 19, 1894 (Sia form) . Tya-me.— Bandelier in Arch. 

 Inst. Papers, iii, 293, 1890 (applied to the clan 

 fetish). Tyame hanutsh.— Bandelier, Delight 

 Makers, 181, 1890. Tyami-hano"'>. — Hodge, op. clt. 

 (Laguna form). T'yami-hanoq«i'. — Ibid. (Acoma 

 form). 



Dyani (Dya^-ni). The Deer clans of 

 Sia and San Felipe pueblos, N: Mex.; 

 the latter clan is extinct. 

 Dyani-hano. — Hodge in Am. Anthrop., ix, 3.50, 1896 

 (/(rfHo=' people'). Ta'iie. — Stevenson in 11th Rep. 

 B. A. E., 19, 1894. 



Dyapige. A prehistoric Tano pueblo 

 8. E. of Lamy, "some distance in the 

 mountains," n. central New Mexico. 

 Dyap-i-ge. — Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, iv, 

 100,1892 (Tewaname). 



Dye (D'ye). The Gopher clans of the 

 Tewa puelilos of San Juan, Santa Clara, 

 San Ildefonso, and Tesuque, N. Mex. 

 Dye-tdoa.— Hodge in Am. Anthrop., ix, 8.51, 1896 

 (td6a = ' people'). 



Dyea, A former Chilkat village which 

 became noted subsequently in the time of 

 the Yukon gold excitement, but is now 

 practically dead owing to the building of 

 the Yukon and White Pass railway to 

 Skagwav. 

 Daiye'.—Swanton, field notes, B. A. E., 1904. 



Dyes and Pigments. Most of the Indian 

 tribes of North America made permanent 

 dyes from organic materials. The de- 



