426 



ENOQUA ENSENORE 



[b. a. e. 



neighbors, although their alUances were 

 all with Siouan tribes. Little is known 

 of them, as they disappeared from history 

 as tribal bodies about 1720, having been 

 incorporated with the Cata\vl)a on the s. 

 or with the Saponi and their confederates 

 on the N., although they still retained 

 their distinct dialect in 1743. The Eno 

 and Shakori are lirst mentioned by Yard- 

 ley in 1654, to whom a Tuscarora de- 

 scribed, among other tribes of the interior, 

 living next to the Shakori, "a great na- 

 tion " called Haynoke, by whom the 

 northern advance" of the Spaniards was 

 valiantly resisted (Hawks, N. C, ii, 19, 

 1858). The next mention of these two 

 tribes is by Lederer, who heard of them in 

 1672 as living s. of the Occaneechi about 

 the headwaters of Tar and Neuse rs. The 

 general locality is still indicated in the 

 names of Eno r. and Shocco cr., upper 

 branches of these streams. In 1701 

 Lawson found the Eno and Shakori 

 confederated and the Adshusheer united 

 with them in the same locality. Their 

 village, which he calls Adshusheer, was 

 on Eno r., about 14 m. e. of the Occanee- 

 chi village, which was near the site of the 

 present Hillsboro. This would place the 

 former not far n. k. of Durham, N. C. 

 Eno Will, a Shakori by Ixrth, was at that 

 time, according to Lawson, chief of the 

 three combined tribes, and at this period 

 the Shakori seem to have been the princi- 

 pal tribe. They had some trade with the 

 Tuscarora. Later, about 1714, with the 

 Tutelo, Saponi, Occaneechi, and Keyau- 

 wee, together nundjering only about 750 

 souls, they moved toward the settlements. 

 Lawson includes Eno in his list of Tusca- 

 rora villages at that date, and as the Eno 

 lived on the Neuse adjoining theTuscarora, 

 it was natural that they were sometimes 

 classed with them. In 1716 Gov. Spots- 

 wood, of Virginia, proposed to settle the 

 Eno, Sara, and Keyauwee at Eno town, 

 on " the very frontiers " of North Caro- 

 lina; but the project was defeated l)y 

 North Carolina on the ground that all 

 three tribes were then at war with South 

 Carolina. From the records it can not lie 

 determined clearly whether this was the 

 Eno town of Lawson or a more recent 

 village nearer the Albemarle settlements. 

 Owing to the objection made to their set- 

 tlement in the n. , the Eno moved south- 

 ward into South Carolina. They probably 

 assisted the other tribes of that region in 

 the Yamasi war of 1715. At least a few of 

 the mixed triV>e found their way into Vir- 

 ginia with the Saponi, as Byrd speaks of 

 an old Indian, called Shacco Will, living 

 near Nottoway r. in 1733, who offered to 

 guide him to a mine on Eno r. near the 

 old country of the Tuscarora. The name 

 of Shockoe cr., at Richmond, Va., may 

 possibly have been derived from that of 



the Shakori tribe, while the name of 

 Enoree r. in South Carolina may have a 

 connection with that of the Eno trilie. 



Lederer speaks of the Eno village as 

 surrounded )jy large cultivated fields and 

 as l)uilt around a central plaza where the 

 men played a game described as "slinging 

 of stones," in which "they exercise with 

 so much la])or and violence and in so great 

 numbers that I have seen the ground wet 

 with the sweat that dropped .from their 

 bodies. " This was probably the chunkey 

 game played with round stones among 

 the Creeks. Lederer agrees with Yardlej' 

 as to the small size of the Eno, but not as to 

 their bravery, though they were evidently 

 industrious. They raised plentiful crops 

 and " out of their granary sujiplied all the 

 adjacent parts." "The character thus 

 outlined," says Mooney, "accords more 

 with that of the peaceful Pueblos than 

 with that of any of our eastern tribes and 

 goes far to indicate a different origin." 

 It should be remembered, however, that 

 Lederer is not a leading authority, as it is 

 doubtful if he was ever in North Carolina. 

 The houses of the Eno are said to have been 

 different in some respects from those of 

 their neighbors. Instead of buildins of 

 bark, as did most Virginia and Carolina 

 trilies, they used interwoven branches or 

 canes and plastered them with mud or 

 clay, like the Quapaw Indians of e. Arkan- 

 sas. The form was usually round. Near 

 every house was a small oven-shaped 

 structure in which they stored corn and 

 nuts. This was similar to the storehouse 

 of the Cherokee and some other southern 

 tril )es. Thei r government was democratic 

 and patriarchal, the decision of the old 

 men being received with unquestioned 

 obedience. See ]\Ioonev, Siouan Tribes of 

 the East, Bull. B. A. E., 1896. 

 Anoeg.— Straehey (lf)12), Hist. Va., 4S, 1849 (proba- 

 bly iiU'iitical). Eano.— McKenney and Hall, Ind. 

 Tr., Ill, .si, isri-l. Eeno.— Adair (1743), Hist. Am. 

 Inds., 224, 177.\ Enoe.— Lawson (1709), N. C, 97, 

 ISGO. Haynokes.— Yardlev (1654) quoted by 

 Hawks, N. C, ii, 19, l.s.=S8. (Knock.— Lederer, Dis- 

 cov., Ill, 1672. Oenock. — Ibid. 



Enoqua. An unidentified village or 

 tribe mentioned to Joutel, in 1687 (Mar- 

 gry, Dec, in, 410, 1878), while he was 

 staying with the Kadohadacho on Red r. 

 of Louisiana, by the chief of that tribe, 

 as one of his allies. 



Enpishemo (from aplsltlnmn. — W. J.). 

 According to Bartlett (Diet. American- 

 isms, 201, 1877), "a word used w. at the 

 Rocky mts. to clenote the housings of a 

 saddle, the blanket beneath it, etc." An- 

 other form seems to be 'apishamore'. 

 In the Medicine Lodge treaty made with 

 the Comanche, Kiowa, and others in 1867, 

 Fish-e-more apjiears as the name of one 

 of the signers. (a. f. c. ) 



Ensenore. A chief of Wingandacoa 

 (Secotan), N. C, previous to 1585, noted 



