444 



ETLETJK ETOWAH MOUND 



[b. a. e. 



were never prominent historically, and in 

 Jan., 1715, had a single village with 240 

 inhabitants (Rivers, Early Hist. S. C, 94, 

 1874). Nothing is heard of them after 

 the Yamasi war in 1715, nntil 1751, when 

 they are mentioned as one of the small 

 tribes for which the South Carolina gov- 

 ernment made peace with the Iroquois. 

 From this time they seem to have be- 

 come lost to history. Their name is pre- 

 served in Eutaw Springs, and in Pine Tree, 

 anothernameforCamden, S. C. — Mooney, 

 Siouan Tribes of the East, Bull. B. A. E., 

 1894. 



Ashley River Indians.— Williamson, N. C, I, 201, 

 1812. Etewaus.— Glen (1751) in N. Y. Doc. Col. 

 Hist., VI, 721, 1855. Etiwans.— Rivers, Hist. S. C, 37, 

 1856. Ittawans. — Ibid. 



Etleuk. A Squawmish village commu- 

 nity on the right bank of Squawmisht r. , 

 w. British Columbia. 



Ela-a-who.— Brit. Adm. Chart, No. 1917. Etle'uq.— 

 Hill-Tout in Rep. Brit. A. A. S., 474, 1900. 



Etnataek (perhaps atanatahegi, 'where 

 the fight, battle, or clubbing took place.' — 

 W. J.). Given 

 as the name of an 

 old fortification 

 said to have stood 

 formerlynearthc 

 Kickapoo vil- 

 lage on Sanga- 

 mon r.. 111. It 

 is supposed to 

 have been built 

 by the Kickapoo 

 and Foxes, who 

 were defeated 

 therebythecoui- 

 bined forces oi 

 the Ottawa, Pota- 

 w a t o m i , and 



ETOWAH MOUND, GEORGIA. 



in a semicircle from a point on the river 

 above to the river below. The large 

 mound, which is a quadrilateral truncated 

 pyramid, 61 ft. high, has a broad roadway 

 ascending the s. side to within 18 or 20 ft. 

 of the top, and was formerly provided 

 with steps made with crossbeams imbed- 

 ded in the earth, remains of which were 

 visible as late as 1885. The diameters of 

 the base are respectively 380 and 330 ft, 

 and of the top 170 and 176 ft. The area 

 of the base is a little less than 3 acres, and 

 of the top about seven-tenths of an acre. 

 The sol id contents of themound, including 

 the roadway, are about 4,300,000 cu. ft. 

 On the E. side there is a narrow exten- 

 sion from the summit to the base, which 

 appears to have been a sort of refuse 

 slide. The village situated here was pos- 

 sibly the Guaxule of De Soto's chroni- 

 clers (1540), and the large mound the one 

 mentioned by Garcilasso de la Vega ( Flor- 

 ida, lib. Ill, cap. XX, 139, 1723), althoueh 

 Mooney (19th Hep. B. A. E., 520, 1900) 

 is of the opin- 

 ion that (iruaxule 

 was probably 

 about at Nacoo- 

 che mound in 

 AVhite CO. 



The earliest de- 

 scription of the 

 Etowah mound 

 in modern times 

 is by Cornelius 

 ( Silliman's Am. 

 Jour. Sci. and 

 Art, 1st s., 1, 322, 

 1818). C. C. 

 (height, 61 ft; greatest length of Jones( Antiq. So. 

 s^sE, 380 ft) jn{j., 136, 1873) 



Chippewa. — Long, Exped., i, 173, 1823. 

 Etoluk. An Alaskan Eskimo village in 

 the Kuskokwim district; pop. 25 in 1890. 

 Etohlugamiut. — Uth Census, Alaska, 164, 1893. 



Etotulga. A former Seminole town, 

 10 m. E. of the old Mickasuky town, in 

 Florida.— H. R. Ex. Doc. 74 (1823), 19th 

 Cong., 1st sess., 26, 1826. 



Etowah (properly Ftaim', of unknown 

 meaning). A Cherokee settlement that 

 existed, until the removal of 1838, on 

 Etowah r. , about tiie present Hightower 

 (a corruption of Ftdwd'), in Forsyth co., 

 Ga. Another settlement of the same 

 name may have been on Hightower cr. 

 of Hiwassee r. , in Towns co. , Ga. — Moonev 

 in 19th Rep. B. A. E., 522, 1900. 

 Hightower.— Doc. of 1799 quoted bv Royce in 5th 

 Rep. B. A. E., 144, 1887. I'tawa'.— Mooney, op. cit. 

 (Cherokee name.) 



Etowah mound. A large artificial mound 

 on the N. bank of Etowah r., 3 m. s. e. of 

 Cartersville, Bartow co., Ga. With 4 or 5 

 smaller mounds it is on a level bottom in a 

 bend of the stream, the immediate area, 

 covering about 56 acres, flanked on one 

 side by an artificial ditch which extends 



and Whittlesey ( Smithson. Rep. , 624, 1881 ) 

 also describe and illustrate it. A careful 

 sui 'ey of the large mound and group, and a 

 partial exploration of the smaller mounds, 

 were made by the Bureau of American Eth- 

 nologv and an account thereof was pub- 

 lished (5th Rep., 95-105, 1887; 12th Rep., 

 292, 1894). Cornelius states that "the 

 Cherokees in their late war with the 

 Creeks secured its [the large mound's] 

 summit by pickets and occupied it as a 

 place of protection for hundreds of their 

 women and children." The smallest of 

 the 3 larger mounds, the surrounding 

 space, and 1 or 2 small tumuli have been 

 explored. Parts of 3 or 4 stone images, 

 copper plates with stamped figures bear- 

 ing some resemblance to Mexican designs, 

 and other copper plates with pieces at- 

 tached by rivets have been found. Other 

 articles, such as pipes, earthenware, copper 

 celts, stone plates, etc., have also been un- 

 earthed. For further information see the 

 works above cited; also Squier and Davis, 

 Ancient Monuments, 1852; Thomas (1) 

 Burial Mounds of the Northern Section, 



