446 



EUFAULA EXCHANGE 



[b. a. e. 



VI, 469, 1857. Eufowlas.— AVoodward, Reminis., 38, 

 1859. Lower Enfalla.— R<iljin, Voy.. ll, map, 1807. 

 Lo-wer Enfula.— Jfsup ( l.s3(')) in H. R. Doc. 78, 25th 

 Cong., 2d sess., 48, 1838 (misprint ). Lower tTf ale. — 

 Bartram, Trav., 461, 1791. Nafoli.— Bartram, 

 Voy., Benoist trans., i, map, 1799. Ufalees. — 

 Holmes (1799) in Am. State Pap., Ind. Aff., I, 386, 

 1832. Ufallahs.— Morse, Rep. to Sec. War, 864, 

 1822. Ufallays.— Drake, Bk. Inds., bk. 4, 94, 

 1848. TJfawlas.— McCall, Hist. Georgia, i, 363, 1811. 

 TJfewles.— Barnard (1793) in Am. State Pap., Ind. 

 Aff., I, 395,1832. Youfalloo.— H. R. Ex. Doc. 276, 

 24th Cong., 300, 1836. Yufala.— Romans, Florida, 



I, 280, 1775. Yufalis.— Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg., 



II, 26, 1888. 



Eufaula. A former Lower Creek town 

 on the w. bank of Chattahoochee r., in 

 Henry co., Ala. 



Eufala'Town.— Royce in 18th Rep. B. A. E., pi. 

 cviii, 1899. 



Eufaula. A town of the Creek Nation 

 on the s. side of Deep fork of Canadian r. , 

 near Ocniulgee, Ind. T. 



Yufala hupayi.— Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg, I, 122, 

 1884. 



Eufaula. Formerly a town, now a city, 

 of the Creek Nation, near the mouth of 

 North fork of Canadian r.,on the Mo., 

 Kan.-*, and Tex. R. R., Ind. T. 

 Yufala.— Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg.,ii, 185, 1888. 



Eulachon. One of the names of the 

 candle-tish {Thaleichtltys pacifims) , of the 

 family Salmonidiv, closely related to the 

 smelt :/from the name of this fish in one 

 of the Chinookan dialects. It is found in 

 the waters of the n. Pacific coast of Amer- 

 ica and is much used by the Indians of 

 that region for food and the production 

 of grease and oil. Other forms ( Christian 

 Union, Mar. 22, 1871) are hooUkan and 

 oolichcm, and Irving (Astoria, ii) cites the 

 form uthlecan. (a. f. c. ) 



Eushtat {E^-usht(it). The principal set- 

 tlement of the Klamath on lower William- 

 son r., near lower Klamath lake, Klamath 

 CO., Oreg. — Gatschet in Cont. N. A. 

 EthnoL, II, pt. 2, 32, 1890. 



Evea. A Comanche chief, prominent 

 between 1772 and 1778. In June, 1772, 

 he went to San Antonio Bexar and rati- 

 fied a treaty with the governor of Texas. 

 Gov. Ripperda, referring to this event in 

 a letter of July 4, 1772, called him Evea, 

 "capital! " of the Comanche nation, and 

 in a letter written the next day he referred 

 to him as "Pubea 6 Evea, principal capi- 

 tan" of that tribe. He was apparently 

 still chief in 1778, for Mezieres tells of 

 meeting in Texas a party of Comanche 

 under the son of Evea, a chief held in high 

 estimation among his people. ( h. e. b. ) 



Evil Peace. A village seen by De Soto's 

 army in 1539, between Utinama and Cho- 

 lupalia, Fla. — Gentl. of Elvas (1557) in 

 French, Hist. Coll. La., ii, 130, 1850. 



Ewawoos. A Cowichan tribe whose 

 town was Skeltem, 2 m. above Hope, 

 Eraser r., Brit. Col.; pop. 27 in 1904. 

 Ewahoos.— Can. Ind^Aff., 309, 1879. Ewa-woos.— 

 Ibid., 1901, pt.2,158. Ewa'wus.— Boas,MS.,B. A. E., 

 1891. 



Exchange, media of. Before the arrival 

 of Europeans intertribal trade had re- 

 sulted almost everywhere in America in 

 the adoption of certain standards of value 

 of which the most important were shell 

 beads and skins. The shell currency of 

 the Atlantic coast consisted of small white 

 and black or purplish beads cut from the 

 valves of quahog and other shells and fa- 

 miliarly known as wam]>um, q. v. These 

 were very convenient, as they could be 

 strung together in quantities and carried 

 any distance for purposes of trade, in this 

 respect having a decided advantage over 

 skins. In exchange two white beads 

 were equivalent to one black one. Dur- 

 ing the early colonial period wampum 

 was almost the only currency among 

 white people as well; but inferior, poorly 

 finished kinds, made not only out of 

 shell, but of stone, l)one, glass, horn, and 

 even wood, were soon introduced, and in 

 spite of all attempted regulation the value 

 of wampum dropped continually until 

 in 1661 it was declared to be legal tender 

 no longer in Massachusetts, and a year or 

 two later the same fate overtook it in the 

 other New England colonies. In New 

 York it appears to have held on longer, 

 its latest recorded use as currency' being 

 in 1693. Holm says, speaking of theDel- 

 awares of New Jersey: "In trade they 

 measure those strings [of wampum] by 

 their length," each fathom of them being 

 worth 5 Dutch guilders, reckoning 4 lieads 

 for every stiver. "The brown beads are 

 more valued than the others and fetch a 

 higher price; a white bead is of the value 

 of a piece of copper money, but a brown 

 one is worth a piece of silver." Holm 

 quotes another authority, however, to the 

 effect that a white bead was worth one 

 stiver and a black bead two. The latter 

 says also that "their manner of measuring 

 the strings is by the length of their 

 thumbs; from the end of the nail to the 

 first joint makes 6 beads." 



On the Pacific coast between s. e. 

 Alaska and n. California shell currency 

 of another kind "Avas employed. This 

 was made from the Dentallum pretiosuvi 

 (money tooth-shell), a slender univalve 

 found on the w. coasts of Vancouver and 

 Queen Charlotte ids. In the Chinook jar- 

 gon it was called hlaqua. The principal 

 place where it was obtained is said to 

 have been the territory of a Nootka tribe, 

 the Ehatisaht, in Esperanza inlet, w. coast 

 of Vancouver id., but it was collected as 

 far N. as Quatsino inlet. The method of 

 procuring it is described in one of the ear- 

 liest accounts of this region, the Narrative 

 of John Jewitt. According to Boas, a 

 block of cedar was split up at one end so 

 that it formed a kind of brush which 

 opened when pushed down into the 



