496 



GOLDEN LAKE GOSIUTE 



[b. a. e. 



thin knife-like blade. The conventional 

 treatment of the bird is characteristically 

 Floridian, and the object is almost cer- 

 tainly of native make. The alloy consists 

 of 893 parts of gold to 107 of silver, and 

 may be of Spanish origin, althongh it is 

 more likely to have been derived from 

 Central America or Mexico. 



Although the early Spanish explorers 

 of Floritla found some gold in possession 

 of the natives and were led to believe that 



it had been 



Gold Ornament From a Mound; Manatee Co., 

 Florida. Length 9 in. (rau) 



factory, and it seems highly probable, 

 as stated Sir John Hawkins, that most of 

 the gold observed in Florida had been 

 derived from Spanish vessels wrecked on 

 the coast on their homeward voyage 

 from the gold-producing districts of mid- 

 dle America. 



Consult Cabeza de Vaca, Relation, 

 Smith trans., 1871; Douglas in Proc. A. A. 

 A. S., xxxviii, 1890; Jones, Antiq. South- 

 ern Inds., 1873; Hawkins in Hakluyt, 

 Voyages, in, 615, 1800; Kunz in Am. 

 Antiq., IX, no. 4, 1887; Le Baron in 

 Smithson. Rep. 1882, 1884; Moore, vari- 

 ous memoirs in Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 

 Phila., 1894-1905; Putnam in Peabody 

 Mus. Rep., XVI, 1884; Rau in Smithson. 

 Rep. 1877, 1878; Thomas in 12th Rep. 15. 



A. E., 1894. (w. H. H.) 

 Golden Lake. A band of Algonkin occu- 

 pying a reservation on Golden lake, Ren- 

 frew CO., Ontario, near Ottawa r. ; pop. 

 86 in 1900, 97 in 1904. 



Golok. An P'skimo village in the Nu- 

 shagak district, Alaska; pop. 29 in 1890. 

 Gologamiut. — Eleventh Censu.s, Alaska, 164, 1893. 



Gonaho. A former Tlingit town at the 

 mouth of Alsek r., Alaska. Cf. Guna- 

 chonleri. 



Gona'xo.— Swan ton, field notes, B. A. E., 1904. 

 Gun-nah-ho. — Emmons In Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. 

 Hist., Ill, 232, 1903. 



Gontiel ('broad river'). Given as an 

 Apache clan at San Carlos agency and Ft 

 Apache, Ariz., in 1881 (Bourke in Jour. 

 Am. Folk-lore, iii, 112, 1890). The name 

 indicates a former habitat on Gila r. 



Goolkizzen ( ' spotted country ' ). A band 

 of Apache, probably Coyoteros, formerly 

 under chief Nakaidoklini, q. v. — White, 

 Apache Names of Indian Tribes, MS., 



B. A. E., 1875. 



Gorgets. A term applied to objects 

 worn in some proximate relation with the 

 gorge or throat. They may be suspended 

 from a string or chain encircling the 

 neck, or may be attached to the dress. 

 They may be simple ornatnents not dif- 

 fering materially in form or significance 



from those used to embellish the ears, 

 hair, wrists, or waist, or they may have 

 special significance as symbols, iiisignia, 

 charms, etc. They may be plain, or em- 

 bellished with designs, significant, orna- 

 mental, or trivial. They may be natural 

 objects selected because of their beauty, 

 or they may be made of any material pre- 

 senting an attractive appearance. On 

 account of its beauty of color and its 

 probable sacred significance as being a 

 product of the water, shell was a favorite 

 material and the numerous engraved 

 disks obtained from 

 burial mounds in 

 the middle Eastern 

 states are typical 

 pendant gorgets 

 (see Shelhrork) . 

 Sheet copper was 

 extensively em- 

 ployed by many of 

 the tribes (see Cop- 

 per) , and stone was shell gorget from a mound; 

 in universal use. ;^^~""^"- (d'*"""^,-. 

 Gorgets may have 



one or two marginal perforations for sus- 

 pension, or they may be pierced centrally 

 or otherwi.se for attachment, against a 

 supporting surface, as illustrated by the 

 pierced tablets much used by the f(jrmer 

 Eastern tribes. The name gorget is also 

 applied to composite ornaments of various 

 kinds suspended on or fixed against the 

 chest, the showy breast ornament com- 

 posed of two rows of bone beads or tubes 

 employed by the Plains tribes being a 

 good example (see Adornment). Gorgets 

 are described in various publications on 

 ethnology and archeology, antl a some- 

 what extended discussion of these and 

 allied ornaments and other objects, by 

 Peabody and Moorehead, appears in Bull. 

 II, Dept. of Archfeol., Phillips Acad., 

 1906. See Pendants, Pierced tablets, Prob- 

 lematical objects. ( w. H. H. ) 



Goshgoshiink.( 'hogplace.' — Hewitt). A 

 large settlement of the Munsee and Dela- 

 wares, with perhaps some Seneca, consist- 

 ing of 3 villages, on Allegheny r. in 1767, 

 about the ujiper part of Venango co., Pa. 

 It was visited by the missionary Zeisber- 

 ger in the year named, and in 1768 it be- 

 came the seat of a Moravian mission. 



Goschegoschuenk. — Loskiel (1794) quoted b.\' Rupp, 

 West Pa., app., 356, 1846. Goschgoschuenk. — Los- 

 kiel (1765), Hist. United Brethren, pt. 3, 16, 1794. 

 Goshgoshink. — Ibid., map. Goshgoshunk. — Day, 

 Pa., 102, 1S43. 



Gosiute (from G^ossip, their chief, +Ute). 

 A Shoshonean tribe formerly inhabiting 

 Utah w. of Salt and Utah lakes, and e. 

 Nevada. Jacob Forney, superintendent 

 of Indian affairs for Utah, reported in 

 1858 that he had visited a small tribe 

 called the Go-sha-utes, who lived about 

 40 m. w. of Salt Lake City. "They are," 

 he says, "without exception, the most 



