BOLL. 30] 



GOYATHLAY GKANGULA 



503 



influence, Education, English influence, 

 French influence, German influence. Land 

 tenure, ifissions. Office of Indian Affairs, 

 Reservations, Hussian influence, SpanisJi 

 influence. (a. c. p.) 



Goyathlay. See Geronimo. 



Grail. The name of a chief and of a 

 band of Sisseton and Yankton Sioux occu- 

 pying a village of 627 people on Big Stone 

 lake, 280 m. from the agency in Minnesota 

 in 1836, the other chief being Mazahpa- 

 tah. Grail was probably a Sisseton 

 Sioux. See Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, iii, 

 612, 1853. 



Granaries. See Receptacles, Storage. 



Grand Bois. A former village, probably 

 of the Potawatomi, about 6 m. s. e. of 

 Geneva, Kane co., 111.; also known as 

 Shavtee's village. — Royce in 18th Rep. 

 B. A. E., pi. cxxv, 1899. 



Grande Gueule. See Grangula. 



Grand Portage, A Chippewa band for- 

 merly at this place, on the n. shore of L. 

 Superior in n. e. Minnesota; mentioned 

 in La Pointe treatv (1854) in U. S. Ind. 

 Treat., 224, 1873. 



Grand River Indians. The Iroquois liv- 

 ing on Grand r., Ontario. They num- 

 bered 3,230 in 1884, 4,050 in 1902, 4,195 

 in 1904. 



Sweke-aka. — Gatschet, Tuscarora MS., B. A. E., 

 1885 (Tuscarora name). 



Grand River Ute. A band of the Yampa. 

 Under Chief Piah they formerly ranged 

 as far e. as Denver, Colo. They num- 

 bered 350 in 1873. 



Denver TJte.— Ind. AfT. Rep., 246, 1877. Grand 

 River TTtahs.— Nicolav in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1863, 151, 

 1864. Pe-ah'sband of Utes.— Ind. Aff. Rep. 1873, 340, 

 1874. Piah band. —Barber in Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv. 

 Terr., in, no. 3, .533, 1877. 



Grand Sanx. Given apparently as equiv- 

 alent to the Dakota of the plains, as dis- 

 tinguished from "Saux [Sioux] of the 

 wood."— Trumbull, Ind. Wars, 185, 1851. 



Grand Soleil (French: 'Great Sun'). 

 The title of a noted Natchez chief, whose 

 individual name is unknown, in the first 

 half of the 18th century. He was a friend 

 of the whites until the French comman- 

 dant demanded the site of his village. 

 White Apple, situated a few miles s. w. 

 of the present Natchez, Miss., Avhich the 

 Natchez had occupied, as their chief 

 replied, for more years than there were 

 hairs in the governor's peruke. The 

 haughty commandant, Chopart, would 

 not allow them to have even their grow- 

 ing crops until it was agreed to compen- 

 sate him for the concession. The chief 

 then sent out bundles of sticks to the 

 Natchez villages to indicate, ostensibly, 

 their quota of the promised tribute, but 

 really the number of days that were to 

 elapse before making a concerted attack 

 on the French. The docile and submis- 

 sive Natchez we^e not suspected, even 

 though a Natchez woman warned the 



French officers. On Nov. 30, 1729, the 

 Indians massacred every white person in 

 the settlement, 700 in number, and with 

 his allies the Grand Soleil went on laying 

 waste French plantations in Louisiana 

 until the governor of the French colony 

 assemVjled a force of French and Choctaw 

 with which he recaptured the fort at Nat- 

 chez. Then the chief ostensi])ly agreed 

 to terms of peace that were offered, but 

 in the night he and his people disap- 

 peared in different directions. One divi- 

 sion he led 180 miles up Red r., where he 

 built a fort and an expedition found him 

 a year later. His warriors sallied out to 

 attack the French, who drove them back 

 into the fort and bombarded them there 

 until the great chief and some others 

 surrendered themselves. The chief was 

 taken to New Orleans and probably exe- 

 cuted with most of his warriors, while 

 the women and children who did not die 

 of an epidemic that befell them were trans- 

 ported to Haiti to labor as slaves on the 

 French plantations. The title "Great 

 Sun " was always borne by the head chief 

 of the Natchez to distinguish him from 

 other members of the class of nobles, all 

 of whom were called "Suns." 



Grand Traverse. A former settlement 

 of the Chippewa near the site of Flint, 

 Genesee co., Mich.; so named by French 

 traders because at this point was the 

 great ford of Flint r. on the Indian trail 

 from the Saginaw to Detroit. The place 

 became a popular hunting place and camp- 

 ing ground, game and fish being abundant 

 in the neighborhood. 



Granganameo. A son of Ensenore and 

 brother of Wingina, chiefs of Wingan- 

 dacoa (Secotan), N.C., and leading man 

 of the tribe in 1585. He is noted chiefly 

 for the friendly aid showir by him to Ami- 

 das and Barlow and to Greuvilie and the 

 accompanying English sent out by Sir 

 Walter Raleigh in the year named. His 

 residence was on Roanoke id., Albemarle 

 sd. As Wingina was confined to his house 

 by a wound when Amidas and Barlow ar- 

 rived, Granganameo, as acting sachem, 

 received the adventurers kindly and, ac- 

 cording to the account given by them, sent 

 them "commonly every day" deer, rab- 

 bits, fish, and sometimes various fruits 

 and vegetables. Unfortunately for the 

 English colonists he died before a year 

 expired. (c. t. ) 



Grangula (from French grande gueule, 

 ' big mouth ') . An Onondaga chief, whose 

 riglit name was Haaskouan ( 'His mouth 

 is large'), but who was also known as 

 Otreouati. The governor of Canada 

 equijiped an army in 1684 to crush the 

 Five Nations because they interfered with 

 French trade. Sickness among the troops 

 having prevented the expedition. Gov- 

 ernor de la Barre crossed L. Ontario to 



