528 



HALPADALGI HAMMERS 



[ B. A. E. 



(1092) quoted in Davis, Span. Conq. of N. ISIex., 

 371, 186'J. Alomas.— Mota-Padilla, Hist, de la 

 Conquista (po.'^sibly the same; Aeoma (q. v.), how- 

 ever, seems more likely). Alona. — Del'lsle, Carte 

 Mexiqueet Floride, 1703; Votaneiirt (1693) inTea- 

 troMex., iii, 320, 1S71. Alonas.— Rivera, Diario y 

 Derrotero, leg. 9.50, 1736 i referring t<> the inhabi- 

 tants). Ant Hill. — (/u.shing, Z\mi Folk Tales, 7, 

 1901 (Hfilonawan, or). Ant Hill of the Middle.— 

 Ibid., 31. Concepcion de Alona. — Vetaiicurt (lG93i, 

 Menolog. Fran., 27.5, 1S71 (mission name). He- 

 lena. — Cushingin Millstone, ix, 55, Apr. 188-1 (Zuni 

 jiame"). Hajonagu.— Onate (1598) in Doc. Ined., 

 XVI, 133, 1871 (corruptiiin of Halonakwin, kwi)i 

 being the locative). Halona I'tiwana.-^t'ushing 

 in Millstone, IX, 55, Apr. 18S4. Halona-itiwana. — 

 Gushing, Zuili Folk Tales, 7, 1901. Halona-kue.— 

 Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, v, 171, 1820 

 (given as the name of the pueblo; but knr= 

 'pet^ile'). Halona Kuin.— Bandelier, ibid., iv, 

 S37, 1.^92 (A-«;/( = loeative). Hal-onan.— Ibid., 335. 

 Haiona-quin.— Bandelier in Jour. Am. Ethnol. 

 and Archa.'ol., lii, 81, l.s92. Hal-on-aua. — Bande- 

 lier in Arch. Inst. Papers, iii, 2(i0, 1890. Ha-lo- 

 na-wa. — ( "ushing in Com pte-rendu Intermit. Cong. 

 Am., VII, 15t;, 1890 (or H;Vlo-na). Halonawan. — 

 Cushing, Zufii Folk Tales, 7, 1901. la Purifica- 

 cion de la Virgen de Alona. — Bandelier in Arch. 

 Inst. Papers, iv, 337, 1892 ( mi.ssion name). Middle 

 Ant Hill.— Cushinif, Zuni Folk Tales, 31, 1901. 

 Middle Ant Hill of the World.— Ibid., .55. Middle 

 Place. — Ibid., 3t. Purificacion. — D'Anville, map 

 Am. Sept., 174(;i (intended for mission name). 



Halpadalgi {hdlpada 'alligator', algi 

 ' people ' ) . A Creek clan. 



Halpadalgi — Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg., I, 155, 

 18S4. Kal-put'-la.— Morgan, Anc. Soc, 161, 1877. 



Hamalakyauae. An ancestor of a Nim- 

 kish gens, after whom it was sometimes 

 called. — Boas in Petermanns Mitt., pt. 5, 

 130, 1887. 



Hamanao {Xumando). A gens of the 

 Qiiatsino tribe of the Kwakiutl, q. v.— 

 Boas in Rep. Nat. Mns., 329,1895. 



Hamechuwa. A former Luisefio village 

 in the neighborhood of San Luis Rey 

 mission, s. C'al. — Tavlor in Cal. Farmer, 

 May 11, 1860. 



Hameyisath (Ha^jnei/isath). A sept of 

 the Seshat, a Nootka tribe. — Boas in 6th 

 Rep. N. W. Tribes Can., 32, 1890. 



Hami. The Tobacco clans of Sia and 

 San Felipe jinelilos, N. Mex. 

 Haami-hano. — Hodge in Am. Anthrop., ix, 352, 

 1896 (Sia form; /i(()io = 'people'). Ha-mi. — Steven- 

 son In 11th Rep. B. A. E., 19, 1894 (Sia form). 

 Hami-hano. — Hodge, op. cit. (San Felipe form). 



Hamilton. Creek. The local name for a 

 body of Salish of Kamloops-Okanagan 

 agency, Brit. Col.; pop. 38 in 1901 (Can. 

 Ind. Aff. for 1901, pt. ii, 166), after which 

 date the name does not occur. 



Hamitinwoliyu. A former Nishinam 

 village in the valley of Bear r., Cal. 

 Hameting-Woleyuh. — Powers in Overland Mo., xil, 

 22, 1874. Ha'-mi-ting-Wo'-li-yuh. — Powers in Con t. 

 N.A. Ethnol., Ill, 316, 1877. 



Hammers, Few implements are of so 

 much importance to primitive men as 

 the stone hammer and the several closely 

 allied form:^ — the sledge, the maul, and 

 the stone-head club, which may be de- 

 scribed here rather than under the caption 

 Chihs. All of these implements are em- 

 ployed, like theordinary club, in [Striking 

 blows that stun, break, iTui^h, or drive, 

 the only distinction to be drawn between 



the hafted hammer and the club being 

 that the one carries the weight chieiiy in 

 the extremity or head, which is usually 

 of heavier or harder material than the 

 handle, while the other has the weight 

 distributed along 

 the shaft. Although 

 the several imple- 

 ments comprised in 

 this group have 

 many features in 

 >i b common, they are 



DiscoioAL CHIPPING HAMMERS, somcwhat clcarlv 



a. Ohio; ;,. California. differentiated ill 

 (.About i-6 I , , , ,, 



shape and use. All 

 are made of hard, heavy, tough materials, 

 including stone, bone, ivory, antler, 

 shell, and metal. Some are never hafted, 

 while perhai)s nearly all on occasion are 

 used unhafted, one or both hands being 

 employed accord- , 



ing to the weight / 

 of the implement. / 

 Haftings vary 

 with the form and 

 use of theol>ject as 

 well as with the re- 

 gion and the people. 

 Hammers em- 

 ployed in shaping stone, especially in the 

 more advanced stages of the work, are 

 usually unhafted and are held tightly in 

 the hand for delivering heavy blows, or 

 lightly between the thumb and finger- 

 tips foi Hakinu; or pecking. 

 They may be natural peb- 

 „_ .--xm. l^les, bowl 

 d e r s , or 

 fragments, 

 but by pro- 

 longed use 

 they a s - 

 sume defi- 

 nite shapes 

 or are in- 

 tentionally 

 modified to better ht them for their pur- 

 pose. Globular and discoidal forms pre- 

 vail, and the variety employed in jiecking 

 and for other light uses often has shallow 

 depressions centrally placed at opposite 

 sides to render the fin- 

 ger hold more secure. 

 The pecking and flak- 

 ing work is accom- 

 plished by strokes with 

 the periphery, which 

 is round or slightly 

 angular in protile to 

 suit the requirements 

 of the particular work. 

 Hammers intended 

 for breaking, driving, and killing are gen- 

 erally hafted to increase their effective- 

 ness. Sledge hammer.*, used in mining 

 and quarrying, were usually heavy, often 

 rudely shaped, and the haft was a pliabie 



heads fro 

 Michigan. 



IN.) 



