BULL. 30] 



HAVERSTRAW HAWIKUH 



539 



Ixxxi, 18SCi. Tonto Cosnino. — M(illhausen, Tage- 

 buch, ]l, 196, 1.S5S. Yabipais Jab^sua. — Garces 

 (1776), Diarv, 414, 1900. Yavai Suppai.— .Arthur 

 (1SS2) in liid Art". Kep., 297, INf-6. Yavipai Jab- 

 esua. — Bandelier in Anli. Inst, rajiers. iii, 

 112,1S90 (after GarcL'.s). Yavipai javesua. — Gmzco 

 y Berra, Geog., 41, 1S64 (al'ttT Garpos). Yuva- 

 Supai. — Cor))\isier in Am. Antiq., 276, Sept. 1S86. 



Haverstraw (Dutcli: hacerstroo, 'oat- 

 straw'). The name applied by the 

 Dutch to a small tribe or band (acrording 

 to Ruttenber, a division) of the Unami 

 Delawares, formerly living on the w. bank 

 of the lower Hudson, in Rockland co., 

 N. Y. The name they applied to them- 

 selves is lost, but it may have been Re- 

 weghnome or Rumachenanck. 

 Haverstraw. — Van Couwenhoven (1664) in N. Y. 

 Doc. Col. Hi.st., -Xiil, 364, 1S81. Haverstroo.— De 

 Laet (1633) quoted bv Kiittenber, Tribes Hudson 

 K., 71, 1872. Rewechnongh.— Treaty of 1664 in N. Y. 

 Doe. Col. Hist., xiil, 37ri, 1881 t ■ Kewechnongh 

 or Haverstraw ' ). Rumachenanck. — Treaty of 1660, 

 ibid., 147 (apparently given as the tribal name). 



Hawai. A former Diegueno rancheria 

 under tiie Dominican mission of San 

 Miguel de la Frontera, w. coast of Lower 

 California, about 30 m. s. of San Diego, 

 Cal. • (a.s. G.) 



Hawaiian influence. The establishment 

 of the whale and seal fisheries of the n. 

 Pacific coast led to the ])resence in that 

 region of sailors and adventurers of the 

 most diverse races and nationalities, 

 many of whom came into more or less 

 lasting contact with the natives of the 

 country. Toward the middle of the 19th 

 century (Hale, Oregon Trade Language, 

 19, 1890) the Hawaiian language was 

 spoken by about 100 Sandwich Islanders 

 employeil as laborers al)Out Ft Vancou- 

 ver, Wash. Doubtless some intermix- 

 ture of these with the Indians took 

 place. In 1891 there lived among the 

 Kutenai an Indian nicknamed Kanaka. 

 Murdoch (9th Rep. B. A. E., 55, 1892) 

 notes that several Hawaiian words have 

 crept into the jargon as used l^y the west- 

 ern Eskimo and white whalers and traders 

 who come into contact with them, and 

 one or two of these words have even 

 come to be employed by the Pt Barrow 

 Eskimo among themselves; but there is 

 no evidence that the Chinook jargon con- 

 tains a Hawaiian element. Swanton sug- 

 gests that it is l)arely possible that the 

 Haida custom of tattooing may have come 

 from some Polynesian island, as its intro- 

 duction is always said by the natives to 

 be recent. Whether the idea of a ladder 

 made of a chain of airows, which occurs 

 among the myths of Polynesians and the 

 people of the N. W. coast, could have had 

 a similar origin may be doubted, 1)ut it 

 is nevertheless possible. The theory of 

 Polynesian-American contact has been 

 maintained by Ratzel, Schultz, and others, 

 stress being laid on resemblances in art as 

 exemplified l)y clubs, masks, etc., and in 

 other ways. (a. f. c. ) 



Hawikuh {haire 'leaves', vifcu 'gum'). 

 A former pueblo of the Zuni and one of 

 the Seven Cities of Cibola of early Sitanish 

 times, situated about 15 m. s. w. of the 

 pre-sent Zuni pueblo, N. Mex., near the 

 sununervillageof CjoCaliente. Hawikuh 

 was seen in 1539 by Fray Marcos de Niza, 

 who viewed it from an adjacent height a 

 few days after the murder, by the Zuni of 

 Hawikuh, of Estevanico, the former negro 

 companion of Cabeza de A'aca. Fray 

 Marcos referred to it l)_v the name of Aba- 

 cus. In the following year Francisco 

 Vasquez Coronado visited the pueblo 

 with his advance guard, and as its inhab- 

 itants offered resistance, the village was 

 stormed and captured, most of its people 

 fleeing for safety to Taaiyalone, a mesa 

 E. of the )iresent Zuiii. Coronado referred 

 to Hawikuh, under the name Granada, 

 as the chief pueblo of Cibola, containing 

 about 200 houses, and from there wrote 

 his account of the journey to the viceroy 

 Mendoza, Aug. 15, 1540. A Franciscan 

 mission was established at Hawikuh in 

 1629, at Avhich time the pueblo contained 

 about 110 houses. Owing to Navaho or 

 Apache depredations in Oct., 1670, when 

 many of the Zuiii as well as the mis- 

 sionary of Hawikuh were killed, the 

 puel)lo was abandoneil and never after- 

 ward permanently occupied. It is said 

 that the roof timbers of the old church 

 at Zuni, which was erected about 1705, 

 were those used previously in the Hawi- 

 kuh chapel. A portion of the adobe 

 walls of the latter building were still 

 standing until about 1894, when the 

 adobes were taken by the Indians to Ojo 

 Caliente and there used in the construc- 

 tion of new houses. See Mindeleff in 8th 

 Rep. B. A. E., 80, 1891; Bandelier (1) 

 Final Rep., pts. i, ii, 1890, 1892; (2) 

 Doc. Hist. Zuni Tribe, 1892; Cushing in 

 13th Rep. B. A. E., 1896; Hodge in Am. 

 Anthrop., viii, 142, 1895. (f. w. h.) 

 Abacu. — Heylyn, Co.smog., 968, 1703. Abacus. — 

 Blaeu, Atla.s, xn, first map, 1667. Aguas Calien- 

 tes.— Bandelier in Areh. Inst. Papers, lu, 133. 1890 

 (Ha-ni-eu, or). Aguascobi. — Zarate - Sal m eron 

 (ca. 1629) quoted by Bandelier in Mag. West. Hi.st., 

 6(is, l8-<6. Aguico. — Cushing in Millstone, ix, 2U, 

 Feb. 1SS4 (misquoting Coronado). Aguicobi. — 

 Onate (1.598) in Doe. Ined. . xvi.l 33,1871. Aguscobi.— 

 Ibid., 132. Abacus.— Xic.a (1539) in Hakluyt, Voy., 

 443, 1600. Apacus. — Davis, Span. Conq. N. Mex., 

 128, 1869 (misquiitiiig Marcos de Niza). Aquico. — 

 Espejo (1583) in Doe. Ined., xv, lis, 181, 1871. 

 Auuico. — MS. of 1676 quoted by Bandelier in Arch. 

 Inst. Papers, IV, 338, 1892. Avicu.— Cushing in 

 Compte-rendu Internal. Cong. .\m., vii, 1.56, 1890 

 (given as an earlv Spanish form). Cibola. — Cas- 

 taneda {en. 1.565) in 14th Rep. B. A. E., 483, 1896. 

 Granada. — Coronado (1540) in Hakluvt, Vov., in, 

 449, 451, 1600. Granade.— Gomara, Hist. Gen.", 467b, 

 1606. Granado.— Purchas, Pilgrimes, 648, 1613; 

 v. 853, 16:6. Granata.— Coronado (1.540) in Ramu- 

 sio, Nav. et Viaggi, 361, 363, 1566. Grenada.— .'!;imp- 

 son in SmUhson. Rep. 1869.330,1871. Grenade. — 

 Sanson, map rAm^rique, 28, 16.57. Hahauien. — 

 Peet in Am. Antiq., xvil, 352, 1895 (misprint ). Ha 

 Huico.— Zarate-Salmeron (1629) cited by Bancroft, 

 Ariz, and N. Mex., 154, 1889 (Havico or). Haicu.— 



