562 



HOPI 



[B. A. E. 



from the Rio Grande, and Shipaulovi, 

 founded by a colony from Shongopovi on 

 the Second or Middle mesa, are both of 

 comparatively modern origin, having 

 been established about the middle of the 

 18th century, or about the time the Pay- 

 upki people returned to their old home. 

 Thus the pueblos of the ancient province 

 of Tusayan now consist of the following: 

 Walpi, Sichomovi, and Hano, on the 

 First or East mesa; pop. (1900) 205, 119, 

 and 160, respectively, exclusive of about 

 20 who have established homes in the 

 plain; total 504. Mishongnovi, Shongo- 

 povi, and Shupaulovi, on the Second or 

 Middle mesa; estimated pop. 244, 225, 

 and 126; total 595. Oraibi, on the Third 

 or West mesa; pop. (1890) 905. Total 

 Hopi population (1904) officially given as 

 1,878. 



Social organization. — The Hopi people 

 are divided into several phratries, con- 

 sisting of numerous clans, each of which 

 preserves its distinct legends, ceremonies, 

 and ceremonial paraphernalia. Out of 



HOPI MAN AND wife; PUEBLO OF MISHONGNOVI. (vROMAN, 

 Photo. ) 



these clan organizations have sprung 

 religious fraternities, the head-men of 

 which are still members of the dominant 

 clan in each phratry. The relative im- 

 portance of the clans varies in different 

 pueblos; many that are extinct in some 

 villages are powerful in others. The 

 12 phratries and their dependent clans 

 as represented in the East Mesa villages 

 are as follows: 



1. A la- Lengy a (Horn-^nte) phratry: Ala 

 (Horn), Pangwa (Mountain sheep), So- 

 wiinwa(Deer), Chubio (Antelope), Chaiz- 

 ra (Elk), Lehu (Seed grass), Shiwanu 

 (Ant), Ann (Red-ant), Tokoanu (Black- 

 ant), Wukoanu (Great-ant), Leliotu 

 (Tiny-ant), Shakwalengya (Blue flute), 

 Masilengya (Drab or All-colors flute). 



2. Patki (Water-house or Cloud) phra- 

 try: Patki (Water-house), Kau (Corn), 

 Omauwu (Rain-cloud), Tanaka (Rain- 

 bow), Talawipiki (Lightning), Kwan 

 (Agavej, Siwapi ('Rabbit-brush'), Pa- 

 wikya (aquatic animal [Duck]), Pakwa 

 (Frog), Pavatiya (Tadpole), Murzibusi 

 (Bean), Kawaibatunya (Watermelon), 

 Yoki (Rain). 



3. Clma ( Snake ) phratry: Chua ( Snake ) , 

 Tohouh (Puma) , Huwi (Dove), Ushu (Co- 

 lumnar cactus), Puna (Cactus fruit), 

 Yungyu (Ojiuntia), Nabowu (Opuntia 

 frutescens), Piuwani (Marmot), Pihcha 

 (Skunk), Kalashiayu (Raccoon), Tubish 

 (Sorrow), Patung (Squash), Atoko 

 (Crane), Kele (Pigeon-hawk), Chinunga 

 (Thistle). The last 5 are extinct. 



4. Pakab (Reed) phratry: Pakab 

 ( Reed ), Kwahu ( Eagle ), Kwayo ( Hawk ) , 

 Koyonya (Turkey), Tawa (Sun), Paluna 

 (Twin-brother of Puhukonghoya), Shohu 

 (Star), Massikwayo (Chicken-hawk), 

 Kahabi (Willow), Tebi (Greasewood). 



5. KoJcop (Wood) phratry: Kokop 

 (Wood), Ishauu (Coyote), Kwewu 

 (Wolf), Sikyataiyo (Yellow-fox), Le- 

 taiyo (Gray-fox), Zrohona (small mam- 

 -.aal), Masi(Masauu, dead, skeleton. Ruler 

 of the Dead), Tuvou (Pinon), Hoko 

 (Juniper), Awataf Bow), Sikyachi (small 

 yellow bird), Tuvuchi (small red bird). 



6. Taho (Cottontail rabbit) phratry: 

 Tabo (Cottontail rabbit), Sowi (Jackrab- 

 bit). 



7. Tuwa (Sand or Earth) phratry: Ku- 

 kuch, Bachipkwasi, Nananawi, Moniobi 

 (varieties of lizard), Pisa (White sand), 

 Tuwa (Red sand), Chukai (Mud), Sihu 

 (Flower), Nanawu (small striped squir- 

 rel). 



8. Honau (Bear) phratry: Honau 

 (Bear), Tokochi (Wild-cat), Chosro 

 (Blue-bird), Kokvan (Spider), Hekpa 

 (Fir). 



9. Kachina (Sacred dancer) phratry: 

 Kachina (Sacred dancer), Gyazru (Paro- 

 quet), Angwusi (Raven), Sikyachi (Yel- 

 low bird ) , Tawamana ( Blackbird ) , Salabi 

 (Spruce), Suhubi (Cottonwood). 



10. Asa (Tansy mustard) phratry: Asa 

 (Tansy mustard), Chakwaina (Black- 

 earth Kachina), Kwingyap (Oak), Hos- 

 boa (Chapparal cock), Posiwu (Magpie), 

 Chisro (Snow -bunting), Puchkohu 

 (Boomerang rabbit-stick), Pisha (Field- 

 mouse ) . 



11. Piha (Tobacco) phratry: Piba (To- 

 bacco), Chongyo (Pipe). 



12. Honani (Badger) phratry: Honani 

 (Badger), Muinyawu (Porcupine), Wish- 

 oko (Turkey-buzzard), Bull (Butterfly), 

 Buliso (Evening Primrose), Kachina 

 (Sacred dancer). 



Most of the above clans occur in the 

 other Hopi pueblos, but not in Hano. 

 There are a few clans in the Middle Mesa 



