m 



BULL. 30] 



HOPI 



563 



villages and in Oraibi that are not now 

 represented at VValpi. For the Hano 

 clans see Hano. 



The Honau (Bear) clan is represented 

 on each mesa and is supposed to be the 

 oldest in Tusayan. It is said to have come 

 originally from the Rio Grande valley, 

 but on the p]ast mesa the clan is now so 

 reduced as to be threatened with extinc- 

 tion at Walpi within a generation. 



The Chua (Snake) people were among 

 the earliestto settle in Tusayan, joiningthe 

 Bears and living with them when Walpi 

 was in the foot-hills. The legends of this 

 people declare that they came from pue- 

 blos in the N. , near Navaho mt. , on the Rio 

 Colorado. In their northern home they 

 were united with the Ala ( Horn ) people, 

 who separated from them in their south- 

 erly migration and united with the Flute 

 people at the now-ruined i:)ueblo of Leng- 

 yanobi, n. of the East mesa. The com- 

 bined Snake and Ala people control the 

 Antelope and Snake fraternities, and 

 possess the fetishes and other parapher- 

 nalia of the famous Snake dance. The 

 palladium of this people is kept at Walpi, 

 thus leading to the belief that this was 

 the first Hopi home of the Snake and 

 kindred people. 



The Lengya (Flute) people, once very 

 strong, are now almost extinct at the East 

 mesa, but are numerous in some of the 

 other pueblos. They are said to have 

 lived formerly at Lengyanobi and to have 

 come to Tusayan from the S. , or from pue- 

 blos along Little Colorado r. The chief 

 of the Flute priesthood controls the Flute 

 ceremony, which occurs biennially, alter- 

 nating with the Snake dance. There are 

 two divisions in the Flute fraternity, one 

 known as the Drab Flute and the other as 

 the Blue Flute, the former being extinct 

 at Walpi. Sichomovi and Hano have 

 no representatives of this phratry, but 

 it is represented in all the other Hopi 

 villages. 



There are Ala, or Horn, people in most 

 of the Hopi pueblos, and clans belonging 

 to this phratry are named generally after 

 horned animals. Their ancestors came 

 to W^alpi with the Flute people and were 

 well received, because they had formerly 

 lived with the Snake people in the N. 

 They now join the Snake priest in the 

 Antelope rites of the Snake dance. 



The Patki (Water-house, or Cloud) 

 phratry includes a number of clans that 

 came to the Hopi country from the S., 

 and the now ruined villages along the 

 Little Colorado are claimed by this people 

 to have been their former homes. They 

 were comparatively late arrivals, and 

 brought a high form of sun and serpent 

 worshipthatisstill prominent in the Win- 

 ter Solstice ceremony. The Sun priests, 

 who are well represented in most of the 



Hopi pueblos and are especially strong at 

 Walpi, accompanied this people. Others, 

 as the Piba or Tobacco clan, came to 

 Walpi from Awatobi on the destruction 

 of the latter pueblo in 1700. 



The Pakab (Reed) people also came 

 from Awatobi, settling first at the base 

 of the Middle mesa, whence they went 

 to Walpi. They control the Warrior 

 society called Kalektaka. 



The Kokop ( Wood) phratry came from 

 Sikyatki and have a few representatives 

 in Walpi and in the other villages. The 

 traditional home of the Kokop and allied 

 clans was Jemez (q. v.), in New Mexico. 



The Honani or Badger phratry origi- 

 nally lived at Awatobi, and after the de- 

 struction of that pueblo went to Oraibi 

 and Walpi. It is now largely represented 

 in Sichomovi, which village it joined the 

 Asa in founding. The Bull, or Butterfly, 

 clan is closely related to the Honani peo- 

 ple, and both are probably of Keresan oi 

 of Tewa origin. 



HOPI MAN AND WIFE 



The Kachina phratry is also of New 

 Mexican origin, and in some of the pue- 

 blos shares with the Honani the control 

 of the masked dance organization called 

 Kachinas; but it is not strong in Walpi. 



The Asa people were Tewa in kin, 

 coming originally from the Rio Grande 

 valley and settling successively at Zufii 

 and in the Canyon de Chelly. This 

 people, with the Honani, founded Sicho- 

 movi, and is now one of the strongest 

 clans on the East mesa. Only one or 

 two members now live at Walpi; a few 

 live in the Middle Mesa villages, but none 

 at Oraibi. 



Archeologi/. — The erection and final 

 abandonment of their villages by the va- 

 rious Hopi clans during their migrations 

 and successive shif tings have left many 

 ruins, now consisting largely of mounds, 

 both within their present territory and re- 

 mote from it. Ruins of villages w'hich the 

 traditions of the Hopi ascribe to their an- 

 cestors are found as far n. as the Rio Colo. 



