BULL. 301 



H UN A WURP HUNKPAP A 



579 



31, 1S84. Humros.— Scott in Ind. Aff. Rep., 314, 

 1868. Huna.— Pleiffer, Second Journ. Around 

 World, 314, 1S,S6. Huna cow.— Schoolcraft. Ind. 

 Tribes, v, 489, 18.55 (after Kane; misprint). 

 Hiina-kdn.— Kraiise, Tlinkit Ind., 118, 1885. Hun- 

 nas.— Halleck in Rep. Sec. War, pt. i, 39, 1868 

 TJeena-caw. — Kane, Wand in N. A., app., 1859. 

 •Whinega.— Mahony (1869) in Sen. Ex. Doc. 68, 

 41st Cong., 'idsess., 19, 1870. 



Hunawurp (Hu-va-irurp). One of the 

 Chumashaii villages formerly near Santa 

 Inez mission, Santa Barbara co., Cal. — 

 Henshaw, Santa Inez MS. vocab., B. A. E., 

 1884. 



Hunctu. A former village, presumably 

 Costanoan, connected with Dolores mis- 

 sion, San Francisco, Cal. — Taylor in Cal. 

 Farmer, Oct. 18, 1861. 



Hungopavi (Navaho: 'crooked nose'). 

 An imi:)ortant pueblo ruin 2 m. above 

 Pueblo Bonito, on the n. side of Chaco 

 canyon, at the base of the canyon wall, 

 in N. \v. New Mexico. It is built around 

 3 sides of a court, the extremities of the 

 wings ])eing connected by a semicircular 

 double wall and the space between these 

 walls divided into rooms. The length of 

 the main building is 309 ft; of the 2 

 wings, 136 ft each. The Iniilding was 4 

 stories high. There is a circular kiva in 

 the court and another inclosed within the 

 walls of the main building. The one in- 

 closed is 23 ft in diameter. The ma.sonry 

 of Hungopavi is exceptionally good; the 

 material is fine-grained, grayish-yellow 

 sandstone, compactly laid in thin mud 

 mortar. The exterior walls of the first 

 story are 3 ft thick. Walls still stand to 

 a height of 30 ft, and deterioration has 

 proceeded very slowly since the ruin was 

 first described. See Hardacre in Scrib- 

 ner's Mag., Dec. 1878; Jackson in 10th 

 Rep. Hayden Snrv., 438, 1879, and the 

 writers mentioned below. (e. l. h.) 

 Eungo Parte. — Domenecli, Deserts, i, 200, 1860 

 (misprint). Hungo Pavia. — Morgan in Rep. Pea- 

 body Mus., XH, 549, 1880. Hungo Pavie.— Simpson, 

 Exped. Navaiio Country, 79, 1850. Hunyo Pavie. — 

 Cope in Rep. Wheeler Surv.,app. LL,173, 1875. 



Haning ruin. A large, rectangular, pre- 

 historic ruin on the ranch of Henry Hun- 

 ing at Shovvlow, Navajo co., Ariz., on a 

 rock table above Showiow cr. The pot- 

 tery found on the site is of red and gray 

 ware, not of very fine quality. The ma- 

 sonry of the walls is goo<l, but the remains 

 of the pueblo do not mdicate very long 

 occupancy. — Hough in Rep. Nat. Mus. 

 1901, 301, 1903. 



Hunkkhwitik ( Him-kqwi^ -Itk) . A former 

 Yaquina village on the n. side of Yaquina 

 r., Oreg. — Dorsey in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, 

 III, 229, 1890. 



Hunkpapa ( variously interpreted 'at the 

 entrance,' 'atthe head end o( the circle,' 

 'thoi-e who camp by themselves,' and 

 'wanderers'). A division of the Teton 

 Sioux. From the meager data relating 

 to the history of this band it seems prob- 

 able that It is one of comparatively mod- 

 ern formation. When Hennepni, in 1680, 



found what are believed to have been the 

 Teton as far e. as the banks of the upper 

 Mississippi, no mention of the Hunkpapa 

 at that early date or for 100 years there- 

 after can be found unless it be under some 

 name yet unidentified. Their name is not 

 mentioned by Lewis and Clark, though it 

 is possible that the tribe is included in the 

 Tetons Saone of those explorers. The 

 name first appears as Ilonkpapa, and 

 it is properly written Hunkpapa in the 

 treaty of 1825. It is evident that the tribe 

 was ithen well known, although its his- 

 tory previous to thisdate is undetermined. 

 The Tetons Saone were located by Lewis 

 and Clark, in 1804, on both sides of the 

 Missouri ])el< >w, Beaver cr., N. Dak., and 

 were estimated at 300 men or 900 souls in 

 120 tipis. Ramsey (1849) gave their loca- 

 tion as near Cannonball r. Culbertson 

 (1850) gave their range as on the Chey- 

 enne, Moreau, Grand, and Cannonball 

 rs. , and estimated them at 320 tipis. 

 Gen. Warren (1855) said that they lived 

 on the Missouri near the mouth of the 

 Moreau and roamed from the Big Chey- 

 enne uy> to the Yellowstone, and w. to the 

 Black-hills. He states that they formerly 

 intermarried extensively with the Chey- 

 enne. His estimate of population is 365 

 tipis, 2,920 souls. He adds that many 

 of the depredations along the Platte " are 

 committed by the Unkpapas and Sihasa- 

 pas." It is indicative of their character 

 that they were among the last of the Da- 

 kota to be brought upon reservations. 

 The Indian agent, writing in 1854, says: 

 "All the bands of Sioux have already re- 

 ceived their presents with great appear- 

 ance of friendship, excepting the Minne- 

 cowzues (Miniconjou), Blackfeet (Siha- 

 sapa), and Honepapas ( Hunkpapa) . The 

 former band are daily expected at the fort, 

 and will gladly receive their annuities; 

 but the Blackfeet and Honepapas still 

 persist in refusing any annuities, and are 

 constantly violating all the stipulations of 

 the treaty. They are continually warring 

 and committing depredations on whites 

 and neighboring tribes, killing men and 

 stealing horses. They even defy the 

 Great Father, the President, and declare 

 their intention to mnrderindiscriminately 

 all that come within their reach. They, 

 of all Indians, are now the most dreaded 

 on the Missouri." And when the agent 

 finally succeeded in reaching them and 

 holding a council with their chiefs at Ft 

 Clark, they refused to receive the i>res- 

 entssent by the (government, stating that 

 they did not want them, but ])referred the 

 liberty totakescalpsand commit whatever 

 depredationsthey pleased. They took part 

 in most of the subsequent conflicts with 

 the whites, as that at Ft Phil. Kearney and 

 that with Custer on the Little Bighorn. 

 The number of the band in 1891 was 571; 



