580 



HUNKPATINA HUNTING 



[ B. A. K. 



these were gathered on Standing Rock 

 res., N. and S. Dak. The population is 

 no longer given separately. The noted 

 Sitting Bull was chief of this tribe, though 

 in making treaties he signed also for the 

 Oglala. 



Their subdivisions as given by J. 0. 

 Dorseyare: (1) Chankaokhan, (2) Che- 

 okhba, (3) Tinazipeshicha, (4) Talona- 

 pin, (5) Kiglashka, (6) Chegnakeokisela, 

 (7) Shikshichela, (8) Wakan, and (9) 

 Hunskachantozhuha. Culbertson (Smith- 

 son. Rep. 1850, 141, 1851) mentions the 

 following bands: Devil's medicine-man 

 band (Wakan), Half breechclout people 

 (Chegnakeokisela), Fresh meat necklace 

 people (Talonapin), Sleepy Kettle band 

 (Cheokhba), Sore backs (Chankaokhan), 

 Bad bows (Tinazipeshicha), and Those 

 that carry. Fire-Heart's band (Chanta- 

 apeta's band) is supposed to be a part of 

 the Hunkpapa. 



Ampapa.— Smet, Miss.de I'Oregon, 264, 848. Ampa- 

 pes.— Smet, Letters, 23, 1843. Aukpapas.— Ind. Aff. 

 Rep., 297, 1854. Hankpapes.— P;irker,.)our.,44, 184U. 

 Honepapas. — Ind. Aff. Rep., 295, 1854. Honk pa pa. — 

 Ex. Doc. 56, 18th Cong., 1st sess.,9, 1824. Houkpa- 

 pas.— Ind. Aff. Rep. ,471, 1838. Hunkappas.— Ram- 

 sey in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1849, 86, 1850 (misprint). 

 Hurjkpapa. — Riggs, Dakota Gram, and Diet., viii, 

 1852. Hunkpapas.— U. S. Ind. Treat. (1825), 346, 

 1826. Hunkpa-te-dans. — Ram.sev in Ind. Aff. Rep. 

 1849, 86, 1850 (mistake). Niepapa.— Hare in Spirit 

 of Missions, 586, 1885 (misprint). Oak-pa-pas. — 

 Hoffman in H. R. Ex. Doc. 36, 33d Cong., 2d sess., 

 3, 3855. Oncapapas. — Corliss, Lacotah MS. vocaB., 

 B. A. E., 107, 1874. Onch-pa-pah.— Culbertson in 

 Smithson. Rep. 1850, 141, 1851. Onc-pah-pa.— Don- 

 aldson in Smithson. Rep. 1885, pt. 2, 57. 1886. One- 

 papa. -Catlin, N. Am. Inds., l, 223, 1844. One-ca- 

 papa. — Donaldson in Smithson. Rep., 1885, pt. 2, 

 57, 1886. Onkpahpah.— U. S. Ind. Treat. (1886), 899, 

 1873. Onkpapah.— Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, v, 494, 

 1855. Ouh-papas.— Vaughan in H. R. Doe. 36, 33d 

 Cong., 2d sess., 6, 1855. TJncpapa.— Terry in Rep. 

 Sec. War for 1869, pt. 1, 34. TTnc Papas.— Ind. Aff. 

 Rep. 1856, 7, 1857. Uncpappas.— Keane in Stan- 

 ford, Compend., .541, 1878. Unkpapa Dakotas. — 

 Hayden, Ethnog. and Philol. Mo. Val.,map, 1862. 

 TTnkpapas. — Warren, Dacota Country, 16, 1855. 



Hunkpatina ( ' campers at the end of the 

 circle'). One of the two primary divi- 

 sions of the Yanktonai Sioux, commonly 

 known as Lower Yanktonai, from their 

 former range on lower James r. of e. 

 South Dakota. The Hunkpatina are 

 seemingly referred to for the first time, 

 in whole or in part, by Lewis and Clark, 

 in 1804, under the name Honetaparteen, 

 as a division of the Yankton of the N. 

 They were on intimate terms with the 

 Upper Yanktonai, who ranged about the 

 upper waters of the James. They are 

 now chiefly on Crow Creek res., S. Dak., 

 •where they numbered 1,009 in 1905. 

 In 1866 they were estimated at 2,100. 

 Some others appear to be attached to 

 Standing Rock agency, N. Dak. Their 

 bands, as given bv J. O. Dorsey (15th 

 Rep. B. A. E., 218, 1897), are: Putetemini 

 (Sweat-lips), Shungikcheka (Common 

 dogs), Takhuhayuta ( Eat-the-scrapings- 

 of-hides), Sangona (Shot-at-some- white- 

 object), Ihasha (Red-lips), Iteghu 



(Burnt-face), Pteyuteshni ( Eat-no-buffa- 

 lo-cows). 



Amkepatines. — Smet, Letters, 23, 1843. Hen-ta-pah- 

 tus. — Prescott in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, ii, 169, 

 note, 1852. Hen-tee-pah-tees. — Ibid. Ho in de bor- 

 to. — Clark (1804) inOrig. Jour. Lewisand Clark, i, 

 132, 1904. Honcpatela band. -Sen. Ex. Doc. 94, 34th 

 Cong. , 1st sess. .11, l.s.5(i. Honepatela Yanctonnais. — 

 H. R. Ex. Doe. 1:3(1. 34th Cong. , 1st sess. , 7, 1856. Hone- 

 ta-par-teen. — Lewis and Clark, Discov., 34, 1806. 

 Hunk-pate. — Ind. Aff. Rep., 71, 18.58. Hunkpatee. — 

 Cleveland in Our Churcli Work, Dec. 4, 1875. 

 Hunkpatidan. — Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, I, 248, 

 1851. Huijkpatidaijs.— Riggs, Dak. Gram. andDict., 

 xvi, 18.52. Hunkplatin. — Brown in Ind. Aff. Rep. 

 18.59, 92, 18C0. Lower Yanctonais.— Ind. Aff. Rep., 

 371, 1866. Lower Yanctonnais. — Ibid., 1871, 525, 

 1872. Lower Yanktonai.— Robinson, letter to Dor- 

 sev, 1879. LowerYanktonnais. — Ind. Aft'. Rep., 27, 

 1878. Unc-pah-te.— Ind. Aff. Rep. 1867, 231, 1868. 

 Uncpatina.— Alderson in Ind. Aff. Rep., 266, 1874, 

 Unkepatines.— Smet, Letters, 37, note, 1843. 



Hunkuwaniclia ( 'without a mother' ). A 

 band of the Brule Teton Sioux. 

 Huijku-wanica. — Dorsey (after Cleveland) in 15th 

 Rep. B. A. E., 219, 1897." Hunku-wanitca.— Ibid. 



Hunnint. A Clallam village in n. w. 

 Washington which participated in the 

 treaty of Point No Point in 1855.— U. S. 

 Ind. Treat, 800, 1873. 



Hunskachantozliuha ( ' legging tobacco 

 pouches'). A band of the Hunkpapa 

 Teton Sioux. 



Huijska-caijtozuha. — Dor.sey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 

 221, 1897. Huoska-tca"tojuha.— Ibid. 



Hunting. The pursuit of game may be 

 divided into two sets of activities, which 

 correspond to military strategy and tac- 

 tics, the one including the whole series 

 of traps, the other hunting weapons and 

 processes. Beginning with the latter, the 

 following 9 classes embrace all the hunt- 

 ing activities of the American Indians: 



( 1 ) Taking animals with the hand 

 without the aid of apparatus. Examples 

 of this are picking up marine animals on 

 the beach to eat on the si)ot, robbing 

 birds' nests, and seizing birds on their 

 roosts on dark nights. Such unskilled 

 taking developed the utmost cunning, 

 agility, and strength for pursuing, seiz- 

 ing, climbing, diving, stealing upon, and 

 deceiving, and the same qualities were 

 useful also in the pursuit with weapons. 

 The climax of this first class was the com- 

 munal game drive, m which a whole band 

 or tribe would surround a herd of animals 

 and coax or force them into a gorge, a 

 corral, or natural cul-de-sac. 



(2) Gathering with devices. To this 

 class of activities belong substitutes for 

 the fingers or palms, such as rakes for 

 drawing or piling up sea food; a sharp 

 stick for getting worms by forcing them 

 out of the ground; nets and scoops for 

 taking animals trom the water (see i^'.s/t- 

 '!ng, Nets); also dulls, reatas, and bolasfor 

 reaching out and grasping. This class 

 reached its climax in the partnership or 

 communal net, used by the Eskimo and 

 other tribes for taking seal and also small 

 fish. 



(3) The employment of apparatus for 



