BULL. 30] 



JAUMALTURGO JEMEZ 



629 



Afi. Rep., 289, 1854. I'-ag-to'-an.— Hayden, Eth- 

 nog. and Philol. Mo. Val., 387, 1862. le-ska-pi.— 

 Am. NaUir., 829, 1882. I-ya^to-wa".— Dorsey in 

 15tli Rep. B. A. E., 223, 1897 ( = 'stone village'). 

 Jatonabine. — Maximilian, Trav., 194, 18-13. Rocks. — 

 Larpenteur (1829), Narr., l, 109, 1898. Stone In- 

 dians. — Maximilian, Trav., 194, 843 (so called by 

 the English). 



Jaumaltnrgo. A rancheria of the Pima 

 or the Sobaipuri in 1697, s. of the ruin of 

 Casa Grande, in tlie present Arizona. 



San Gregoris Jaumalturgo. — Mange quoted by 

 Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, ni, 301, 1853 (Gregoris = 

 Gregorio). 



Jeaga. A village at the s. extremity of 

 Florida, about 1570. 



Caga. — Fontaneda (ca. 1575) in Ternaux-Compans, 

 Voy., XX, 32, 1841. Feaga.— Shipp, Hi.st. Fla., 587, 

 1881. Jaega. — Fontaneda, Narr., Smith trans., 21, 

 1854. Teaga. — Fontaneda in Ternaux-Compans, 

 op. cit., 23. Teago.— Ibid., 32. 



Jeboaltae. A former village, presum- 

 ably Costanoan, near San Juan Bautista 

 mission, Cal. 



Jeboaltae.— Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Nov. 23, 1860. 

 Teboaltac. — Engelhardt, Franciscans in Cal., 398, 

 1897. 



Jedakne. A village, Iroquois or Dela- 

 ware, that existed in the 18th century on 

 the w. branch of Susquehanna r. , prob- 

 ably on the site of Dewart, Northumber- 

 land CO., Pa. (.1. N. B. H. ) 

 Jedacne. — Lattr6, map, 1784. Jedakne. — Homann 

 Heirs' map, 1756. 



Jedandago. A former Seneca hamlet, 

 E. of Irondequoitbay, L. Ontario, N. Y. — 

 Doc. of 1687 in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., 

 Ill, 434, 1853. 



Jemez (from IRV-mish, or Hae^-niisli, 

 the Keresan name of the pueblo. — Bande- 

 lier). A village on the N. bank of Jemez r., 

 about 20 m. n. w. of Bernalillo, N. Mex. 

 According to tradition the Jemez had 

 their origin in the n., at a lagoon called 

 Uabunatota (apparently identical with 

 the Shipapulima and Cibobe of other 

 Pueblo tribes), whence they slowly drift- 

 ed into the valleys of the upper tribu- 

 taries of the Rio Jemez — the Guadalupe 

 and San Diego — where they resided in a 

 number of villages, and finally into the 

 sandy valley of the Jemez proper, which 

 they now occupy, their habitat being 

 bounded on the s. by the range of the 

 w. division of the Rio Grande Keresan 

 tribes^the Sia and Santa Ana. Gasta- 

 fieda, the chronicler of Coronado's expe- 

 dition of 1541, speaks of 7 pueblos of the 

 Jemez tribe in addition to 3 others in 

 the province of Aguas Calientes, identified 

 by Simpson with the Jemez Hot Springs 

 region. Espejo in 1583 also mentions that 

 7 villages were occupied by the Jemez, 

 while in 1598 Ofiate heard of 11 but saw 

 only 8. In the opinion of Bandelier it is 

 probable that 10 pueblos were inhabited 

 by the tribe in the early part of the 16th 

 century. 



Following is a list of the pueblos for- 

 merly occupied by the Jemez people so 

 far as known. The names include those 

 given by Onate, which may be identical 

 with some of the others: Amushungkwa, 



Anyukwinu, Astialakwa, Bulitzequa, 

 Catroo, Ceca, Guatitruti, Guayoguia, 

 Gyusiwa,Hanakwa, Kiashita, Kiatsukwa, 

 Mecastria, Nokyuntseleta, Nonyishagi, 

 Ostyalakwa, Patoqua, Pebulikwa, Pek- 

 wiligii, Potre, Seshiuciua, Setoqua, To- 

 wakwa, Trea, Tyajuindeua, Tyasoliwa, 

 Uahatzaa, Wabakwa, Yjar, Zolatungze- 

 zhii. 



Doubtless the reason for the division of 

 the tribe into so many lesser village com- 

 munities instead of aggregating in a single 

 pueblo for defense against the persistent 

 aggressiveness of the Navaho, according 

 to Bandelier, was the fact that cultivable 

 areas in the sandy vallej' of the Jemez 

 and its lower tributaries are small and 

 at somewhat considerable distances from 

 one another; but another and perhaps 

 even more significant reason was that the 

 Navaho were apparently not troublesome 

 to the Pueblos at the time of the Spanish 

 conquest. On the establishment of Span- 

 ish missions in this section and the intro- 

 duction of improved methods of utilizing 

 the water for irrigation, however, the 



JEMEZ MAN AND WIFE, 



Jemez were induced to abandon their 

 pueblos one bj' one, until about the year 

 1622 they became consolidated into the 

 two settlements of Gyusiwa and probably 

 Astialakwa, mainly through the efforts of 

 Fray Martin de Arvide. These pueblos 

 are supposed to have been the seats of 

 the missions of San Diego and San Joseph, 

 respectively, and both contained chapels 

 probably from 1618. Astialakwa was per- 

 manently abandoned prior to the Pueblo 

 revolt of 1680, but in the meantime an- 

 other pueblo (probably Patoqua) seems 

 to have been established, which became 

 the mission of San Juan de los Jemez. 

 About the middle of the 17th century the 

 Jemez conspired with the Navaho against 

 the Spaniards, but the outbreak plotted 

 was repressed by the hanging of 29 of the 

 Jemez. A few years later the Jemez were 

 again confederated with the Navaho and 

 some Tigua against the Spaniards, but the 

 contemplated rebellion was again quelled. 



