(374 



KEOTUC KEREMEN 



fl5. A. E. 



period the feeble bond of political union 

 between the Sauk and the Foxes was bro- 

 ken; this result l^eing due largely to in- 

 ternal dissensions brought on by the in- 

 trigues of Keokuk, who, with a following 

 of unpatriotic Sauk, sought and oVjtained 

 protection from the Foxes mider their 

 chief, Paweshik. The fighting Ijegan be- 

 fore Black Hawk was ready, and he 

 was forced to take the field with but a 

 small number of those on whose support 

 he had depended. With his depleted 

 forces he could not successfully contend 

 against the Illinois militia and their Ind- 

 ian allies. 



Keokuk loomed up again during the 

 final negotiations growing out of the war, 

 and played so deftly into the hands of 

 the Government officials that he was made 

 chief of the Sauk. It is said that the an- 

 nouncement of his elevation to supreme 

 power was made in open council, and that 

 it so aroused the anger and contempt of 

 Black Hawk that he whipped off his 

 clout and slapped Keokuk across the face 

 with it. The act of creating Keokuk chief 

 of the Sauk has always Ijeen regarded 

 with ridicule by both the Sauk and the 

 Foxes, for the reason that he was not of 

 the ruling clan. But the one great occa- 

 sion for which both the Sauk and the 

 Foxes honor Keokuk was when, in the 

 city of Washington, in debate with the 

 representatives of the Sioux and other 

 tribes before Government officials, he es- 

 tablished the claim of the Sauk and Foxes 

 to the territory comprised in what is now 

 the state of Iowa. He based this claim 

 primarily on conquest. 



On his deatli, in 1848, in Kansas, whither 

 he had moved three years before, the 

 chieftainship, with its unsavory associa- 

 tions, went to his son, Moses Keokuk 

 (Wunagisii'', 'he leaps np quickly from 

 his lair'), who displayed many of the 

 mental characteristics of the father. Those 

 who knew them both maintain that the 

 son was even the superior intellectually, 

 and of higher ethics. He was fond of 

 debate, being always cool, deliberate, and 

 clear-headed. In argument he was more 

 than a match for any Government officer 

 with whom he ever came in contact at 

 the agency. He bore an intense hatred 

 for the Foxes, which was returned with 

 more than full measure. Moses Keokuk 

 was acknowledged the purest speaker of 

 the Saxik dialect. The Sauk were never 

 tired of his eloquence; it was always 

 simple, clear, and pleasing. Late in life 

 he embraced CUiristianity and was bap- 

 tized a Baptist; lint he never ceased to 

 cherish a sincere regard for the old-time 

 life and its fond associations. He suc- 

 ceeded in turning aside nuich of the 

 odium that had early surrounded his 

 office, and though he met with more po- 



litical opposition during his whole life, 

 yet when he died, near Horton, Kans., in 

 August, 190.J, his death was regarded by 

 the Sauk as a tribal calamity. 



In 1883 the remains of the elder Keo- 

 kuk were removed from Kansas to Keo- 

 kuk, Iowa, where they were reinterred 

 in the city park and a monument erected 

 over his grave by the citizens of the town. 

 A bronze bust of Keokuk stands in the 

 Capitol at Washington. (w. .i. ) 



Keotuc (prob. for K'nmtng, 'he whose 

 voice is heard roaming about.' — W. J.). 

 A Potawatomi band, probably taking its 

 name from the chief, living in Kansas in 

 1857.— Baldwin in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1857, 

 163, 1858. 



Keowee (according to Wafford, Kuwd- 

 h'tyt, or, in abbreviated form, Kuwdhi, 

 'mulberry grove place' ). The name of 

 two or more former Cherokee settlements. 

 One, sometimes distinguished as Old Keo- 

 wee, the principal of the Lower Cherokee 

 towns, was on the river of the same name, 

 near the present Port George, in Oconee 

 CO., S. C. Another, distinguished as New 

 Keowee, was on the headwaters of 

 Twelve-mile cr., in Pickens co., S. C— 

 Mooney in 19th Rep. B. A. E., 525, 1900. 

 Keowe.— Bartram, Travels, 372, 1792. New 

 Keowee, — Mouzon's map quoted by Royce in 5th 

 Rep.B.A. K.,1J3,1,SS7. 



Kepatawangachik. Given as the name 

 of a tribe formerly living near L. St 

 John, Quebec, but driven off l)y the Iro- 

 quois (Jes. Rel. 1660, 12, 1858). Named 

 in connection with Abittiln and Oua- 

 kouiechidek (Chisedec). Possibly the 

 Papinachois. 



Kepel. A Yurok village on lower Kla- 

 math r., about 12 m. below«"the mouth of 

 the Trinity, in n. California. It was 

 the only place in Yurok territory, l)esides 

 Loolego, at which a fish dam was erected 

 across the river. 



Akharatipikam.— A. L. Kroeber, inf'n, 1904 (Karok 

 name). Capel.— Gibbsin Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 

 III, 13H, J.S53. Cap-pel.— McKee in Sen. Ex. Doc. 4, 

 32d Cong., spec, sess., 161, 1853. Kai-petl.— Gibbs, 

 op. cit. 



Kerahocak. A former village of the 

 Powhatan confederacy on the n. bank of 

 the Rappahannock, in King George co., 

 Va. — Smith (1629), Virginia, i, map, 

 repr. 1819. 



Kerecliun(A'e-r(?-to"f", probably 'hawk'). 

 A subgens of the Waninkikikarachada, 

 the Bird gens of the Winnebago. — Dorsey 

 in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 240, 1897. 



Keremen. A village or tril)e formerly 

 in the countrv between INIatagorda bay 

 and Maligne "(Colorado) r., Tex. The 

 name seems to have ])een given Joutel 

 in 1687 by the P^bahamo, who were prob- 

 ably affiliated to the neighboring Karan- 

 kawa They are proliably the Aranama 

 (q. V.) of the Spanish chroniclers. See 

 Gatschet, Karankawa Inds., 23, 35, 46, 

 1891. (a. c. F.) 



