752 



LA FLESCHE, SUSETTE LAG UNA 



[b. a. e. 



1881, when Hon. S. J. Kirkwood, the 

 chairman of that committee, became 

 Secretary of the Interior, he called Mr 

 La Flesche to Washington and gave 

 him a position in the Othce of Indian 

 Affairs, where he remains. In 1893 he 

 was graduated from the National Uni- 

 versity Law School. The memory of the 

 triballife of his childhood stimulated him 

 to study his people, for which his father's 

 position gave him unusual advantage. 

 His mastery of English has enabled him 

 accurately to set forth the results of his 

 ethnological investigations, in which he 

 is still actively engaged. His published 

 writings have appeared in the Journal of 

 American Folk-loreandotherscientific pe- 

 riodicals, in the "Study of Omaha Indian 

 Music," by Alice C Fletcher (Peabody 

 Museum Pub. ), and in popular magazines. 

 He is the author also of "The Middle 

 Five,' ' a book giving the story of his school 

 days. Mr La Flesche has made ethno- 

 logical collections for the University of 

 Berlin, the University of California, the 

 Peabody Museum of American Archae- 

 ology and Ethnology, and other institu- 

 tions of learning. He is a fellow of the 

 American Association for the Advance- 

 ment of Science, and a member of the 

 American Anthropological Association 

 and of the Anthropological Society of 

 Washington. In 1906 Mr La Flesche 

 married Miss Rosa Bourassa, of Chip- 

 pewa descent, (a. c. F. ) 



La Flesche, Susette. See Briglit Eyes. 



Lagcay. A former Chumashan village 

 near Santa Barbara, Cal. 

 Laco.— Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Apr. 24, 1863. 

 Lagcay. — Ibid. 



Lagrimas de San Pedro (Span. : ' tears of 

 St Peter' ) . A former group of Alchedoma 

 rancherias, on or near the Rio Colorado, 

 in California, more than 50 m. below the 

 mouth of Bill Williams fork. They were 

 visited and so named by Fray Francisco 

 Garces in 1776. — Garces, Diary, 427, 1900. 



Laguna ( Span. : ' lagoon ' , on account of 

 a large pond west of the pueblo; aborig- 

 inal name Ka-waik', an old Kertsan 

 word of unknown signification). A Ke- 

 resan tribe whose principal pueblo, which 

 bears the same popular name, is situated 

 on the s. bank of San Jose r., Valencia 

 CO., N. Mes., about 45 m. w. of Albu- 

 querque. It was formerly the seat of a 

 Spanish mission, dating from its estab- 

 lishment as a pueblo in July, 1699, and 

 having Acoma as a visita after 1782. The 

 lands of the Lagunas consist of a Spanish 

 grant of 125,225 acres, mostly of desert 

 land. The Laguna people are composed of 

 19 clans, as follows, those marked with an 

 asterisk being extinct: Kohaia (Bear), 

 Ohshahch (Sun),Chopi (Badger), Tyami 

 (Eagle), Skurshka (Water-snake), Sqowi 

 (Rattlesnake), Tsushki (Coyote), Yaka 

 (Corn; divided into Kochinish-yaka, or 



Yellow-corn, and Kukinish-yaka, or Red- 

 corn), Sits ( Water), Tsina (Turkey), Kak- 

 han (Wolf), Hatsi (Earth)*, Mokaiqch 

 (Mountain lion)*, Shawiti (Parrot), Shu- 

 wimi (Turquoise), Shiaska (Chaparral- 

 cock), Kurtsi (Antelope), Meyo ( Lizard) , 

 Hapai (Oak). Most of the clans consti- 

 tute phratral groups, as follows: ( 1 ) Bear, 

 Badger, Coyote, and Wolf ; (2) Mountain- 

 lion'and Oak; (3) Water-snake, Rattle- 

 snake, Lizard, and Earth; (4) Antelope 

 and Water. According to Laguna tradi- 

 tion, the Bear, Eagle, Water, Turkey, and 

 Corn clans, together with some members 

 of the Coyote clan, came originally from 

 Acoma; the Badger, Parrot, Chaparral- 

 cock, and Antelope clans, and some mem- 

 bers of the Coyote clan, came from Zuni; 

 the Sun people originated prol^ably in 

 San Felipe; the Watei--snake in Sia; the 



JOSE PAISANO — LAGUNA 



Rattlesnake probably in Oraibi; the Wolf 

 and Turquoise in Sandia; the Earth clan 

 in Jemez; the Mountain-lion and Oak 

 people claim to have come from Mt Tay- 

 lor; the Lizard clan is of unknown origin. 

 Laguna therefore is not only the most 

 recent of the New Mexican pueblos, but 

 its inhabitants are of mixed origin, being 

 composed of at least four linguisticstocks — 

 Keresan, Tanoan, Shoshonean, and Zu- 

 nian. It is said that formerly the people 

 were divided into two social groups, or 

 phratries, known as Kapaits and Kayo- 

 maslio, but these are now practically po- 

 litical parties, one progressive, the other 

 conservative. Until 1871 the tribe occu- 

 pied, except during the summer season, 

 the single pueblo of Laguna, but this vil- 

 lage is gradually becoming depopulated, 



