lur.r,. :»()] 



LOS ANGELES LOUOHEUX 



775 



Lorette, is some miles distant from An- 

 cienne Lorette, tlie old village, w. of and 

 nearer to Quebec, which was abandoned 

 for the present location after 1721. The 

 inhal)itants are a remnant of the Hurons 

 (q. V. ) who fled from their country on ac- 

 count of the Iroquois about 1650.' After 

 stopi^ing on Orleans id. they removed in 

 1693 to Ancienne Lorette. In 1884 they 

 numbered 289; in 1904, 455. Bee Huron, 

 Missions. (j. M.) 



lorett.— German Flats conf. (1770) in N. Y. Doc. 

 Col. Hist., vill, 2129, 1S57. Loretta.— Jeft'erys, Fr. 

 Dom., pt. 1, map, 17(il. Lorette.— Clinton "(1745) 

 in X. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., vi, 276, 1855. Loretto.— 

 Doc. of 1693, ibid., ix, 557, 1855. Pematnawiak.— 

 Gatschet, Penobscot MS., B. A. E., 1887 ( Penobscot 

 name). 



Los Angeles. A former rancheria, in- 

 habited apparently by both Pima Alta and 

 8eri, on the w. bank of Kio Horcasitas, 

 central Sonora, Mexico. It dates from 

 early Spanish times, but is probaljly not 

 now known by this name. 

 Angeles.— Kino, map ( L702) in Stocklein, Neue 

 Welt-Bott. 74, 1726. Los Angeles.— Doc. of 1730 

 quoted by Bancroft, No. :Mex. States, i, 513, 1884. 



Los Luceros (Span.: 'the morning 

 stars'). A small settlement situated at 

 the site of the ancient pueblo of Pioge, 

 on the K. bank of the Eio Grande, near 

 Plazadel Alcalde, Rio Arriba co., N.Mex. 

 Mentioned l:)y Gatschet in 1879 as a pueblo 

 of the Tewa Indians, whereas it is a Mex- 

 ican village, although it may have con- 

 tained at tliat time a few Tewa from San 

 Juan pueblo, about 3 m. s. 



Los Leueeuros. — Yarrow in Ann. Reii. Wheeler 

 Surv.. app. LL, 143, 1875. Los Luceros,— Gatschet 

 in Wheeler Surv. Rep., Archa^ol., vii, 417, 1879. 



Lost Ten Tribes of Israel. The belief, 

 for which no positive authority seems to 

 exist, has long been current that in 721 

 B. c, Sargon, king of Assyria, the succes- 

 sor of Shalmaneser, carried off into cap- 

 tivity ten of the twelve tribes of Israel. 

 Other deportations are attributed to Tig- 

 lath-Pileser and Shalmaneser. Not all 

 the people were deported; nor were those 

 who were, actually lost. Still, the as- 

 sumption that they were lost has given 

 rise to absurd theories, according to which 

 these missing tribes have been discovered 

 in every quarter of the globe. The most 

 I)opular theories are one which identifies 

 them with the Anglo-Saxons and another 

 which sees their descendants in the 

 American Indians. Father Duran in 1585 

 was one of the first to state explicitly that 

 "these natives are of the ten tribes of 

 Israel that Shalmaneser, king of the As- 

 syrians, made prisoners and carried to 

 Assyria." The latest variants of the 

 theor\' may be met with in the present- 

 day newsjiapers. Antonio de INIontezinos, 

 a Marano (secret Jew), while journeying 

 in South America in 1641 claimed that he 

 met savages who followed Jewish prac- 

 tices. This story he repeated in Holland, 

 in 1644, to Manasseh ben Israel, who 

 printed it in his work, Hope of Israel. 



From it Thomas Thorowgood, in 1652, 

 published Digitus Dei, in which besought 

 to prove that the Indians were the Jews 

 "lost in the world for the space of near 

 2,000 years. ' ' From this work many sub- 

 sequent writers obtained their chief argu- 

 ments. This theory, however, found 

 opponents even in the 17th century. 

 Among these were William Wood, author 

 ol the curious New England's Prospect 

 ( 1634) ; L' Estrange in Americans no Jews 

 (1652); Hubbard in History of New Eng- 

 land («(. 1680). The identification of the 

 American aborigines with the "lost ten 

 tribes" was based on alleged identities 

 in religions, practices, customs and habits, 

 traditions, and languages. Adair's His- 

 tory of the American Indians, published 

 in 1775, was based on this theory. An 

 enthusiastic successor of Adair was Dr 

 Elias Boudinot, whose work, A Star in 

 the West; or, a Humble Attempt to Dis- 

 cover the Long Lost Ten Tribes of Israel, 

 Preparatory to Their Return to Their 

 Beloved City, Jerusalem, was published 

 at Trenton, N. J., in 1816. Lord Kings- 

 liorough's -magnificent Antiquities of 

 Mexico (9 vols., 1830-48) represents a 

 fortune spent in efforts to sustain this 

 theory. To-day the idea crops out 

 occasionally in pseudo-scientific works, 

 missionary literature, etc., while the 

 friendly interest which the Mormon 

 church has always taken in the Indians 

 is said to be due to this belief. Certain 

 identities and resemblances in customs, 

 ideas, institutions, etc., of the American 

 Indians and the ancient Jews are pointed 

 out ))y JMallery in his Israelite and In- 

 dian: A Parallel in Planes of Culture 

 (Proc. A. A. A. S., XXXVIII, 287-331 , 1889), 

 though the address contains many mis- 

 conceptions. It may be remarked that 

 the Jews and the Indians have no physical 

 characteristics in common, the two races 

 belonging to entirely distinct types. See 

 ^Popular fallacies. 



In addition to the above works consult 

 Neubauer in Jewish Quarterly Review, i, 

 1889; Jacobs in Jewish Encyclopedia, 

 XII, 249-53, 1906. (a. f. c. ) 



Lotlemaga {i:d'lEniaga, 'ghost- face wo- 

 man.' — Boas) . The ancestor of a gens of 

 the Nakomgilisala, also ai^plied to the 

 gens itself. 



Lo'tlemaq. — Boas in Petermanns Mitt., pt. 5, 131, 

 18S7. 



Loucheux (Fr. : ' squinters'). The Ku- 

 tchin speaking the dialect of the Tukkuth- 

 kutchin. This language, which resembles 

 more nearly the Chipewyan than the 

 intervening Etatchogottine and Kawcho- 

 gottine dialects, is spoken by the Tatlit- 

 kutchin, Vuntakutchin, Kutchakutchin, 

 Natsitkutcbin, and Trotsikkutchin (Har- 

 disty in Smithson. Rep. 1866, 311, 1872). 

 The term was extended by the Hud- 

 son's Bay Co. men to include all the 



