776 



LOVE SONGS LOWER KUTENAI 



[ B. A. E. 



Kutchin, though the Tukkuthkutchin, or 

 they and the Tathtkutchiii together, con- 

 stituted the Loucheux proper. 



The Loueheux of Alaska are reported 

 by Hardisty to have been divided into 

 three castes, Chitsah, Tangeesatsah, and 

 Natsingh, names which seem to signify 

 'fair,' 'partly swarthy,' and 'swarthy,' 

 respectively. Those of the first caste 

 lived principally on fish, and those of the 

 last mentioned by hunting. They occu- 

 pied differ^ nt districts, and marriage be- 

 tween two individuals of the same caste 

 was almost prohibited. Petitot gives the 

 names of tliese bands as Etchian-Kpet, 

 ' men of the left,' Nattsei'n-K/aet, 'men of 

 the right,' and Tsendjidhaettset-Kpet, 

 'men of the middle.' As the children 

 belonged to the mother's clan, but lived 

 usually with that of the father, these peo- 

 ])le are said to have exchanged countries 

 slowly in successive generations. The 

 three clans or castes are now represented 

 by the Chitsa, Tangesatsa, and Natesa. 

 According to Strachan Jones (Smithson. 

 Rep., op. cit., 826), this system of castes 

 of successive rank prevailed generally 

 among the Kutchin. For the synonymy, 

 see Kulrhiii. 



Love songs. See Music and Musical in- 

 strunitndK. 



Lowako ( 'northern (?) people' ). A peo- 

 ple mentioned in the Walam Olum record 

 of the Delawares (Brinton, Lenape Leg., 

 206, 1885). Rafinesque says the name re- 

 fers to the Eskimo, but Brinton says it may 

 mean any northern people. 

 Lowako. — Walum Olum (1833) in Brinton, Lenape 

 Les., -06,1885. Lowaniwi. — Ibid. ,182. Lowanuski. — 

 Ibid., 198. Lowushkis.— Raflnesque (1833) quoted 

 by Brinton, ibid., '2312. 



Lower Chehalis, A collective term for 

 the Salish tribes on lower Chehalis r. and 

 affluents, as well as those about Grays 

 harbor and the n. end of Shoalwater 

 bay. Wash. It included the Satsop, We- 

 natchi, Whiskah, Humptulip, and other 

 small tribes. According to Ford (Ind., 

 Aff. Rep. 1857, 341, 1858) the term is prop- 

 erly restricted to the Grays Harbor In- 

 dians, and Gibbs confines it to those 

 about the n. end of Shoalwater bay. See 

 Atsmitl. 



Artsmilsh. — Swan quoted byMooney in 14th Rep. 

 B. A. E., pi. Ixxxviii, 1896. Salt-water band. — 

 Simmons in Ind. Aff. Rep., 233, 1858. 



Lower Chinook. Chinookantribesof the 

 lower Columbia r , strictly the Chinook 

 proper and the CUatsop, who speak one 

 language, while all the other tribes (Up- 

 per Chinook) present marked dialectic 

 differences. Most writers include all the 

 tribes from the mouth of the Columbia to 

 Willamette r. under the term. 

 Ahei'pudin.— Gatschet, Kalapuya MS., B. A. E. 

 (Atfalati name). Bas-Tchinouks. — Dutiot de Mo- 

 fras, Explor. de I'Oregon, ll, 335, 1844. Lower 

 Chinook.— Hale in U. S. Expl. E,N;ped., VI, 215, 

 1846. Txaix-wa'txsh.— Gatschet, MS., B. A. E. 

 (Clackama name). 



Lower Creeks. The name formerly ap- 

 plied to that part of the Creek confed- 

 erac,y centering on the lower Chatta- 

 hoochee and its tributaries, in South 

 Carolina and Alabama, as distinguished 

 from the Upper Creeks on the Coosa and 

 Tallapoosa. They included Muscogee, 

 Hitchiti, and Yuchi. In the 18th century 

 the terms Coweta (Kawita) and Apala- 

 chucla (Apalachicola) were often used to 

 designate the Lower Creeks. Bartram 

 and other authors use the term Seminole 

 as an equivalent, but the Seminole were 

 an offshoot of the Lower Creeks and 

 ow'ed no allegiance to the confederacy. 

 According to Rivers the Lower Creeks 

 had 10 villages with 2,406 people in 1715, 

 l)ut by 1733 they had lost 2 of their 10 

 towns, according to the statement of a 

 Kawita chief to Oglethorpe at the Savan- 

 nah council. The chief did not give the 

 names of the 2 lost towns, but the 8 re- 

 maining ones were Apalachicola, Chiaha, 

 Hitchiti, Kasihta, Kawita, Oconee, Oso- 

 tchi, and Eufaula. In 1764 (Smith, Bou- 

 quet's Exped., 1766) the Lower Creeks 

 numbered 1,180 men, representing a total 

 jiopulation of about 4,100. In 1813, ac- 

 cording to Hawkins (Am. St. Papers, Ind. 

 Aff., 1,^842, 1832), they had 14 towns on 

 Flint and Chattahoochee rs., but in the 

 same year (ibid., 851) these had in- 

 creased to 16. The Lower Creeks were 

 frequently called Ucheesee, or Ochesee 

 (Ochisi), from the town of that name. 

 According to Barton they called the 

 Upper Creeks "uncles," and by them 

 were called ' ' cousins. ' ' For a list of their 

 towns, see Creeks. (a. s. g.) 



Basses Rivieres.— Gatschet, inf'n (French name 

 for Lower* Creeks). Lower Creeks. — Smith, Bou- 

 quet's Exped. 71, 1766. Masko'ki Hatchata. — 

 Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg., I, 237, 1884 (Creek 

 name). Ochesees.— Rivers, Hist. S. C, 94, 1874. 

 TJchesees. — Gussefeld, Charte der 13 Ver. Staaten, 

 17S4. 



Lower Delaware Town. A former Dela- 

 ware village on the extreme headwaters 

 of Mohican r., 5 or 6 m. directly N. of the 

 site of the city of Ashland, in Ashland 

 CO., Ohio. — Rjyce in 18th Rep. B. A. E., 

 Ohio map, 1899. 



Lower Kutenai. A division of the Ku- 

 tenai living on Kootenai lake and r., and 

 in the neighboring plains of Idaho and 

 British Columbia. From the time of 

 their earliest contact with the whites 

 they have been called Flatbows, for what 

 reason is not known, but they are now 

 generally called Lower Kootenay. They 

 numbered 172 in British Columbia in 1904, 

 and 79 from Idaho were connected with 

 the Flathead agency, Montana. 

 Akoklako — Tolmie and" Dawson, Comp. Vocabs., 

 124b, 1884 (corruption of AqkOqtld'tlqd). Aku- 

 chaklactas.— Wilson in Trans. Ethnol. Soe. Lond., 

 304, 1866 (corruption of Aqkoqtla'tlqd). Aqkoqtla'- 

 tlqo.— Chamberlain in 8th Rep. N. W. Tribes Can., 

 6, 1892. Aquqenu'kqo. — Boas in 5th Rep. N. W. 

 Tribes Can., 10, 1889. Aquqtla'tlqo.— Boas, ibid. 



