BULL. 30] 



MANITSUK MANSO 



801 



quian into the vocabulary of the white 

 man, it has signified spirit, good, bat^, 

 or indifferent; Indian god or devil, de- 

 mon, guardian spirit, genius loci, fetish, 

 etc. The spelling manitou indicates 

 French influence, the earlier writers in 

 English using manitto, manetto, nianitoa, 

 etc. Cuoq says that the Nipissing manito 

 was formerly pronounced manitou. Some 

 writers ui-e manito, or good manito, for 

 Good or Great Spirit, and evil manito 

 for the devil. It is declared by some 

 that the signification of such terms as 

 Kitchi manito. Great Spirit, has been 

 modified by missionary influence. The 

 form manito of English literature comes 

 from one of the e. Algonquian dialects, 

 the Massachuset manitlo, he is a god, the 

 Narraganset (Williams, l<6iZ) mtit'it, god, 

 or the Delaware manitto. The form 

 manitou comes with French intermedia- 

 tion from the central dialects, the Chip- 

 pewa, and Nijiissing or Cree manito 

 (Trumbull in Old and New, i, 337, 1870). 

 The term has given rise to many place 

 names in Canada and the United States. 

 For a discussion of man ito from the Indian 

 point of view, consult Jones in Jour. Am. 

 Folk-lore, xviii, 183-190, 1905. See My- 

 thology, Orcnda, -Religion. (a. f. c. ) 



Manitsuk. An Eskimo village on the 

 s. E. coast of Greenland, about lat. 62° 

 30^; pop. 8 in 1829. 

 Maneetsuk.— Graah, Exped. Greenland, map, 1.S37. 



Mankato (properly Ma-ka'-to, 'blue 

 earth'). A former band and village of 

 the Mdewakanton Sioux, probably at or 

 near the site of the present Mankato, at 

 the mouth of Blue Earth r., Faribault co., 

 Minn., named from a chief known as Old 

 Mankato. A later Mdewakanton chief 

 who bore tlie name Mankato, the son of 

 Good Road, was a member of the delega- 

 tion who signed the Washington treaty of 

 June 18, 1858, in which his name appears 

 as "Makawto (Blue Earth)," and he is 

 referred to also in the Indian Affairs 

 Keport for 1860, in connection with his 

 band, as under the Lower Sioux Agenc}', 

 Minn. He took an active part in the 

 Sioux outbreak of 1862, and was one, of 

 the leaders in the second attack, in Aug. 

 1862_, on Ft Ridgely, Minn., in which, it 

 is said, about 800 Sioux and Winnel^ago 

 were engaged. He participated also in 

 the fight at Birch Coolie, ;\Iinn., on Sept. 

 3 of the same year, and was killed by a 

 cannon ball at the battle of Wood (or 

 Battle) lake, Sept. 23. (c. t.) 



Blue Earth band.— Gale, Upper Miss., 261, 1867. 

 Makatos band,— Ind. Aff. Rep., 68, 1860. 



Mankoke ( ' owl ' ). An Iowa gens, now 

 extinct. 



Ma'-kotch.— Morgan Anc. Soc , 156, 1877. Mah'- 

 ko-ke.— Dorsey in 15tli Rep. B. A. E., 239, 1897. 



Mannynose. See Maninose. 



Manomet. A village of Christian Indians 

 in 1()74 near the present INIonument, Sand- 

 wich township, Barnstable co., Mass. It 



may have belonged to the Nauset or to 

 the Wampanoag. In 1685 it contained 

 110 Indians over 12 years of age. 

 Manamet.— Doe. in Smith (1622), Va., ii, 236, repr. 

 1819. Manamete.— Bradford (en. 16.50) in Mass. 

 Hist. Soc. Ci>ll., 4th s., ni, 234, 18-%. Mananiet.— 

 Bonnie (1674), ibid., 1st s., l, 198, 1806. Manna- 

 mett.— Hinckley (1685), ibid., 4th s., v, 133, 1861. 

 Mannamit.— Bourne (1674), ibid., l.st s., i, 198, 

 1806. Manomet.— Winslow (1623), ibid., vni, 252, 

 1802. Manumit.— Freeman (1792), ibid., I, 231, 

 1806. Monomete.— Doc. in Smith (1622), Va.,n, 233, 

 repr. 1819. Monument.— Freeman (1792) in Mass. 

 Hist. Soc. Coll., Ists., 1, 231, 1806. Monumet —Davis, 

 ibid.,vni, 122, 1802. 



Manosaht ( ' houses-on-spit people ' ) . A 

 Nootka tribe formerly dwelling at Hes- 

 quiat pt., between Nootka and Clayoquot 

 sds., w. coast of Vancouver id. In 1883, 

 the last time their name appears, they 

 numbered 18. 



Manna-wousiit. — Mayne, Brit. Col., 251, 1862. Man- 

 oh-ah-sahts.— Can.lrid.Aft".,.52, 1875. Ma'noosath. — 

 Boas in 6th Rep. N. VV. Tribes Can., 31, 1890. Mano- 

 saht.— Sproat, Sav. Life, 308, 1868. Manosit.— Swan, 

 MS., B. A. E. Mau-os-aht.— Can. Ind. Aff. 1883, 188, 

 1884. 



Manos de Perro (Span.: 'dog-feet,' lit. 

 ' dog hands ' ) . One of the tribes formerly 

 living near the lower Rio Grande in Texas; 

 mentioned by Garcia (Manual, title, 1760) 

 among those speaking the Coahuiltecan 

 language, for which his Manual was pre- 

 pared. 



Manos Prietas (Span.: 'dark hands'). 

 A former tribe of n. e. Mexico or s. 

 Texas, probably Coahuiltecan, although 

 farther inland than the best determined 

 Coahuiltecan tribes. They were found 

 in the neighborhood of the Rio Grande 

 and in 1677 were gathered into the mis- 

 sion of Santa Rosa de Nadadores. 

 Manos Prietas. — Fernando del Bosque (1675) in 

 Nat. Geog. Mag., xiv, 340, 1903. Manosprietas.— 

 Orozco y Berra, Geog., 302, 1864. 



Manshkaenikashika ( ' crawfish people ' ) . 

 A Quapaw gens. 



Haii'^ia taiijia.- Dor.«ey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 230, 

 1897 (large Han'ka'). Maiicka' e'nikaci'3[a. — Ibid. 



Manso ( Span. : ' mild ' ) . A former semi- 

 sedentary tribe on the Mexican frontier, 

 near p]l Paso, Tex., who, before the com- 

 ing of the Spaniards, had changed their 

 former solid mode of building for habita- 

 tions constructed of reeds and wood. 

 Their mode of government and system of 

 kinship were found to be the sameasthose 

 of the Pueblos proper — the Tigua, Piros, 

 and Tewa — from whom their rites and 

 traditions clearly prove them to have 

 come. They are divided into at least 

 four clans — Blue, White, Yellow, and 

 Red corn — and there are also traces of 

 two Water clans. This system of clan- 

 ship, however, is doubtful, since it bears 

 close resemblance to that of the Tigua, 

 with whom the Mansos have extensively 

 intermarried. 



According to Bandelier it is certain that 

 the Mansos formerly lived on the lower 

 Rio Grande in New Mexico, about Mesilla 

 valley, in the vicinity of tlie present Las 

 Cruces, and were settled at El Paso in 1659 



Bull. 30—05- 



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