BULL. 30] 



MANUFACTURES MAPI.E SUGAR 



803 



ference. When Col. D. G. Miles started 

 out to punish the Navaho in 1859 he de- 

 stroyed the houses and shot the horses 

 and cattle belonging to IManuelito's band. 

 When the Navaho finally applied them- 

 selves thoroughly to peaceful and pro- 

 ductive i>ursuits, their old war chief was 

 chosen to take command of the native 

 police force that was organized in 1872. 

 He died in 1893. See Dunn, Massacres of 

 Mts., 1886; Matthews, Navaho Leg., 11, 

 1897. 



Manufactures. See Arts and Industries; 

 Lnp/inients, Tools, and Utensils; Invention, 

 and the articles thereunder cited. 



Manumaig {Mydnamiik, 'catfish'). A 

 gens of the Chippewa, q. v. 

 Cat Fish.— .Morgan, Anc. Soc. 166, 1877. Man-um- 

 aig.— Warren in Minn. Hist. Soi-. Coll., v, 44,1885. 

 Myanamak. — \\m. Jones, inf'n, 1906. 



Many Horses, A Piegan Siksika chief, 

 sometimes mentioned as ' Dog ' and also 

 as ' Sits in the Middle ' ; born about the 

 close of tlie 18th century. He was noted 

 not only for his warlike character but 

 for the large number of horses he ac- 

 quired; hence his name. According to 

 the account given bvthe Indians to Grin- 

 nell (Story of the Indian, 236, 1895), he 

 commenced to gatherand to breed horses 

 immediately after the Piegan first came 

 into possession of them from the Kutenai 

 (1804-06), and also made war on the 

 Shoshoni for the purpose of taking horses 

 from them. His herd became so exten- 

 sive that they nund:)ered more than all 

 the others })elonging to the tribe and re- 

 quired a large number of herders to take 

 care of them. Many Horses was a signer 

 of the first treaty of his triVje with the 

 whites, on the upper Missouri, Oct. 17, 

 1855, which he signed as "Little Dog." 

 He was killed in 1867 at the battle of 

 Cypress Hill between the Piegan and the 

 allied Crows and Atsina, at which time 

 he was an old man. (c. t. ) 



Manyikakhthi ( Ma-niii'-Jca-qqi^, ' coy- 

 ote')- A subgens of the Michirache or 

 Wolf sens (if tlie Iowa. — Dorsey in 15th 

 Rep. B. A. E., 238, 1897. 



Manyinka ('earth lodge'). A Kansa 

 gens, the 1st on the Ishtunga side of the 

 tribal circle. Its subgentes are Manyinka- 

 tangaand Manvinkazhinga. 



Earth.— Morgan, .\nc. Soc, 156,1877. Manyinka.— 

 Dorsey in 15th Kep. B. A. E.. 230, 1897. Ma"yinka- 

 gaxe.— Dorsey in Am. Natur., 671, 1SS5 ('earth- 

 lodge makers ' ) . Mo-e'-ka-ne ka'-she-ga, — Morgan , 

 Anc. Soc, 1.56, 1877. Moi-ka nika-shingka. — 

 StubVis, Kansa MS. vooab., 25, 1877. tTjange 

 wakixe.— Dorsey, Kansa MS., B. A. E.,1882 ('roarl 

 makers'). 



Manyinkainihkashina ( ManyiWhi Vni:i{- 

 k'nci^'^t, 'earth people '). A social divi- 

 sion of the Osage. — Dorsey in 15th Rep. 

 B. A. E., 235, 1897. 



Manyinkatanga {Ma>'yinl<t tanga, 'large 

 earth ' ) . A sul )gens of the Manyinka gens 

 of the Kansa. — Dorsey in 15th Rep. B. A. 

 E., 230, 1897. 



Manyinkatuhuudje {Ma"yin'ka tiyhu 

 i'tdje^, 'lower part of the blue earth'). 

 A former Kansa village at the mouth of 

 Big Blue r., Kans. — Dorsev, Kansa MS. 

 vocab., B. A. E., 1882. 



Manyinkazhinga ( Ma>'yinknjinga, ' small 

 earth'). A subgens of the Manyinka 

 gens of the Kansa. — Dorsev in 15th Rep. 

 B. A. E., 230, 1897. 



Manzanita (Span.: 'little apple', but 

 referring here to Ardostaphyla manza- 

 nita). A reservation of 640 acres of un- 

 patented desert land occupied by 59 so- 

 called Mission Indians, situated 170 m. 

 from Mission Tule River agency, s. Cal. — 

 Ind. Aff. Rep., 175, 1902; Kel'sev, Rep., 

 25, 1906. 



Manzano (Span. : 'apple tree') . A small 

 New Mexican village 6 m. n. w. of the 

 ruins of Quarai and about 25 m. e. of the 

 Rio Grande, at which is an old apple 

 orchard that probably dates from the 

 mission period prior to 1676. Whether 

 the orchard pertained to the neighboring 

 mission of Quarai, or whether the former 

 Tigua settlement a<ljacent to Manzano had 

 an independent mission, is not known. 

 A remnant of the Tigua now living near 

 El Paso claim to have come from this and 

 neighboring pueblos of the Salinas coun- 

 try. The aboriginal name of the pueblo 

 near Manzano is unknown. The present 

 white village dates from 1829. Consult 

 Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, iv, 259 

 etseq., 1892. See Pueblos, Tanoan, Tigua. 

 Mansano.— Abert quoted in Trans. Am. Ethnol. 

 Soc, Ti, xciv, ISl.S. Manzana. — Pac R. R. Rep., ni, 

 pt. 1, 98, 1856. Manzanas. — Parke, map N. Mex., 

 1851. Manzano. — Eilwards, Campaign, map, 1847. 



Maon. An unidentified tribe on upper 

 Cumberland r., at the beginning of the 

 18th century; perhaps the Cherokee, or 

 possibly the Shawnee. — Tonti (m. 1700) 

 in French, Hist. Coll. La., i, 82, 1846. 



Maple sugar. In some of the P^astern 

 states and parts of Canada the ])roduction 

 of maple sugar and sirup is one of the 

 thriving industries of the country. The 

 census statistics of 1900 show that during 

 the vear 1899 there were made in the 

 United States 11,928,770 pounds of maple 

 sugar and 2,056,611 gallons of sirup. 

 The total values of the sugar and sirup 

 for 1899 were res{)ectively $1,074,260 and 

 $1,562,451. The production of maple 

 sirup seems to have increased somewhat, 

 while that of maple sugar appears to have 

 declined. This industry is undoubtedly 

 of American Indian origin. The earliest 

 extended notice of maple sugar is "An 

 Account of a sort of Sugar made of the Juice 

 of the Maple in Canada," published in the 

 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal 

 Society for 1684-85, where it is stated that 

 "the savages have practiced this art 

 longer than any now living among them 

 can remember." In the Philosophical 

 Transactions for 1720-21 is printed an ac- 



