834 



MEDALS 



[b. a. e. 



1860. Obverse, head of the queen to right, 

 crowned; legend. Victoria Regina; under bust, J. 

 S. and B. Wyon, S C. Reverse, two branches of 

 oak, center iield plain for the engraving of name 

 and tribe of recipient. Silver; size, Sj^j in. 



The very large Confederation medal of 

 1867, with an extra rim soldered on it, 

 was used in 1872 for Treaty No. 2. It 

 was presented to the Indians subsequent 

 to the acquisition of the Hudson's Bay 

 Company's territory, at which time the In 

 dian titles were extinguished. ' ' Twenty- 

 five were prepared, but found so cum- 

 bersome no more were used" (Leroux, 

 p. 219). 



1872. Obverse, bust of queen to right, within 

 an inner circle having milled edge ground, with 

 veil and necklace; legend. Dominion of Canada; 

 below. Chiefs Medal, 1S72; below bust, S. Wyon. 

 Reverse, in inner circle Britannia seated Vvith 

 lion and four female figures, representing the 

 four original provinces of the Canadian confed- 

 eration; legend, Juvenatus et PatriusVigor Canada 

 Instaurata, 1867; in outer circle, Indians of the 

 North West Territories. Silver; bronze; size, 3? in. 



The following 

 medal was 

 struckespecially 

 to replace the 

 large and inar- 

 tistic medal last 

 described, and 

 was in tended for 

 presentation at 

 future treaties: 



1873. Obverse, 

 head of queen to 

 rig:ht, crowned with 

 veil and necklace, 

 draped;legend, 17c- 

 toria I). G. Britt. 

 REG. F. I).; below 

 bust, J. S. Wyon. 

 Reverse, a general 

 officer in full uni- 

 form, to right, 

 grasping the hand of an Indian chief who wears 

 a feather headdress and leggings; pipe of peace 

 at feet of figures; in background, at back of In- 

 dian, several wigwams; back of oflficer, a half sun 



above horizon; legend, /?id«Mi. Treaty No. , on 



lower edge, 1S7-. Silver; size, 3 in., with loop for 

 suspension. 



A series of three medals was struck by 

 the Hudson's Bay Company for presenta- 

 tion to the Indians of the great North- 

 west for faithful services. These were 

 engraved by G. H. Kuchler of the Bir- 

 mingham mint, 1790 to 1805. 



1793. Obverse, bust of king to left, long hair and 

 draped; legend, Qeorgius III D. G. Britanniarum 

 Rex Fidei. Def.; under bust, G. H. K. Reverse, 

 arms of the Hudson's Bay Company; argent, a 

 cross gules, four beavers proper, to the left, sur- 

 mounted by a helmet and crest, a fox supported 

 by two stags; motto on ribbon, Pro Pelle Cutem 

 (Leroux, p. .59). Silver; sizes, l^g by 3 in. 



Medals of the United States. — The 

 earliest known Indian medal struck 

 within the United States is that of 1780, 

 as follows: 



1780, Obverse, arms of Virginia; legend, Rebel- 

 lion to Tyrants is Obedience to God. Reverse, an 

 oflBcer arid an Indian seated under a tree, the In- 



dian holding a calumet in his hand; in the back- 

 ground, a sea on which are three ships, in the 

 middle-ground, a rocky point and a house; legend, 

 Happy While United. Silver; pewter; size, 2j in.; 

 loop, k calumet and an eagle's wing. 



The pewter medal presented by the 

 Government to the Indians rejaresented 

 at the Ft Harmar treaty in Ohio, in 1789, 

 bears on the obverse the bust of Wash- 

 ington with full face, and on the reverse 

 the clasped hands and crossed calumet 

 and tomahawk, with the date 1789, and 

 legend, Friend.'<}tii), the Pipe of Peace. The 

 tribes present at the treaty were the Ot- 

 tawa, Delawares, Hurons, Sauk, Pota- 

 watomi, and Chippewa. 



Of the early United States medals pos- 

 sibly the most interesting is that known 

 as the Red Jacket medal, presented to 

 this celebrated Seneca by Washington at 

 Philadelphia in 1792. This was one of 

 several similar medals, one of which is 

 dated 1793. Of it Loubat says: "The 

 medals were 

 made at the 

 United States 

 Mint when Dr 

 Rittenhousewas 

 director, 1792- 

 1795." Seeded 

 Jarl^et. 



1792. Obverse, 

 Washington in uni- 

 form, bareheaded, 

 facing to the right, 

 presenting a pipe to 

 an Indian cliief, 

 who is smoking it; 

 the Indian is stand- 

 ing, and has a 

 large medal sus- 

 pended from his 

 neck. On the left 

 is a pine tree, at 

 its foot a toma- 

 hawk; in the background, a farmer plow- 

 ing; in exergue, George Washington Presi- 

 dent 1799j — all engraved. Reverse, arms and 

 crest of the United States on the breast of 

 the eagle, in the right talon of which is 

 an olive branch, in the left a sheaf of arrows, 

 in its beak a ribbon with the motto E Plu- 

 ribus Unum: above, a glory breaking through 

 the clouds and surrounded by 13 stars. Size, 

 6^ by ii in. 



In the Greenville treaty of 1795, be- 

 tween the United States and representa- 

 tives of the Hurons, Delawares, Ottawa, 

 Chippewa, Potawatomi, Sauk, and other 

 tribes, a part of the function, as usual, 

 involved the presentation of peace medals. 

 The medal in this case was a facsimile of 

 the oval Red Jacket medal, in silver, en- 

 graved and chased, with a change in the 

 date to 1795. Size, 4 by 6 in. As there 

 were many signers, a considerable num- 

 ber of these medals must have been dis- 

 tributed. 



During the second administration of 

 Washington, in 1796, there was issued a 

 series of four medals, in silver and bronze, 

 called "the Season medals," which Show- 



red JACKET" MEDAL, DATED 1793 



