BVLL. 30] 



MINESETPERI MINGO 



867 



swung as sledges, fashioned with wedge- 

 shaped edges and a groove for a handle. 

 A hammer weighing over 20 poinids was 

 found while I was at the Cerrillos, to 

 which the withe was still attached, with 

 its oak handle; the same scrub-oak which 

 is found growing abundantly on the hill- 

 sides, now quite well preserved after at 

 least two centuries of entombment in this 

 perfectly dry rock. The stone used for 

 these hammers is the hard and tough 

 hornblende andesite, or propylite, which 

 forms the Cerro de Oro and other Cerrillos 

 hills. AVith these rude tools, and without 

 iron and steel, using fire in place of explo- 

 sives, these patient old workers managed 

 to breakdown and remove the incredible 

 masses of these tufaceous rocks which 

 form the mounds already described." 



Among the various works which may 

 be consulted on the native copper mines 

 are: Foster and Whitney in H. R. Ex. Doc. 

 69, 31st Cong., Istsess., 1850; Gillman in 

 Smithson. Rep. 1873, 1874; Holmes in 

 Am. Anthrop., n. s., iii, 1901; McLean, 

 Mound Builders, 1879; Packard in Am. 

 Antiq., xv, no. 2, 1893; Whittlesev in 

 Smithson. Cont., xiii, 1862; Winchell in 

 Pop. Sci. Mo., Sept. 1881. Quarries of 

 brittle varieties of stone are described by 

 Dorsey in Pub. 51, Field Columbian Mus., 

 1900; Smith (Fowke) in Nat. Mus. Rep. 

 1884,1885; Holmes (l)inBull. 21, B. A. E., 

 1894, (2 ) in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 1897; Mercer 

 (1) in Am. Anthrop., vii, 1894, (2) in Proc. 

 A. A. A. S., XLii, 1894, (3) in Proc. Am. 

 Philos. Soc, XXXIV, 396, 1895; PhilUps 

 in Am. Anthrop., n. s., ii, 37, 1900. Soap- 

 stone quarries are described bv Angell in 

 Am. Nat., xii, 1878; Holmes in 15th 

 Rep. B. A. E., 1897; McGuire in Trans. 

 Anthrop. Soc. Wash., ii, 1883; Schu- 

 macher in 11th Rep. Peabody Mus., 1878. 

 Pipestone quarries bv Catlin, N. Am. 

 Inds., 1, 1866; Holmes'in Proc. A. A. A. S., 

 XLi, 1892. Turquoise by Blake (1 ) in Am. 

 Jour. Sci., 2d s., xxv, 1858, (2) in Am. 

 Antiq., xxr, 1899; Kunz, Gems and Pre- 

 cious Stones, 1890; Silliman in Eng. and 

 Min. Jour., xxxii, 1881. (w. h. h. ) 



Minesetperi ('those who defecate under 

 the bank.' — H. L. Scott). A division of 

 the Crows, more commonly known as 

 River Crows, who separated from the 

 Mountain Crows about 1859 and settled 

 on Missouri r. 



Mine-set-peri.— Culbertson in Smithson. Rep. 1850, 

 144, 1851. Minesupe'rik.— Col. H. L. Scott, inf'n, 

 1906 (proper form, with meaning above given). 

 Minneh-sup-pay-deh. — Anon. MS. Crow voeab., B. 

 A. E. River Crows .—Pease in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1871, 

 420, 1872. Sap-suckers. — Culbertson, op. cit. 



Mingan [Ma^mgun, 'wolf'). A Mon- 

 tagnais (Algonquian) village near the 

 mouth of Mingan r., on the N. shore of 

 the Gulf of St Lawrence, Quebec. It is 

 the general rendezvous for all the Indians 



for several hundred miles around. The 

 name occurs in the grant of the seigniory 

 in 1661 , and a mission was probably estab- 

 lished there soon after (Hind, Lab. Penin., 

 I, 43-44, 1863). The village numbered 

 178 inhabitants in 1884, and 241 in 1906. 



(j. M.) 

 Ma'ingan. — W'm. Jones, inf'n, 1906. 



Minghasanwetazhi ( 3fi" xa-sa'i-wet'aji, 

 'touches not swans') . A subgens of the 

 Mandinkagaghe gens of the Omaha. — 

 Dorsey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 228, 1897. 



Minghaska ( J//".ra''.'«Aa, 'swan'). A gen- 

 tile subdivision of the Osage. — Dorsev in 

 15th Rep. B. A. E., 234, 1897. 



Minghaskainihkashina ( Mii'xa' ska Vnin- 

 k'dci"^a, 'swan people'). A subgens of 

 the Minkin gens of the Osage. — Dorsey 

 in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 233, 1897. 



Mingko. The 'Royal' clan of the Ish- 

 panee phratry of the Chickasaw, so called 

 because it was the chief or ruling clan. 

 Ming-ko — Morgan, Anc. Soc, 163, 1877. Mingo. — 

 Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg., i, 96, 1884. 



Mingo. The Choctaw and Chickasaw 

 equivalent of the Muskogee miko, 'chief, 

 both words being of frequent use by 

 historians and travelers in the Gulf states 

 during the colonial period. (a. f. c. ) 



Mingo (Algonquian: Mingice, 'stealthy, 

 treacherous'). A name applied in vari- 

 ous forms by the Delawares and affiliated 

 tribes to the Iroquois and cognate tribes, 

 and more particularly used during the 

 late colonial period by the Americans to 

 designate a detached band of Iroquois 

 who had left the villages of the main 

 body before 1750 and formed new settle- 

 ments in Pennsylvania, on upper Ohio r.. 

 in the neighborhood of the Shawnee, 

 Delawares, and neighboring tribes. From 

 that period their relations were more in- 

 timate with the western tribes than with 

 the Iroquois, and they were frequently 

 hostile to the whites while the parent 

 Ijody was at peace. They gradually 

 moved down the Ohio, and just previous 

 to the Revolution were living in the 

 vicinity of Steubenville, Ohio. In 1766 

 their settlement, known as Mingo town, 

 contained 60 families, and was the only 

 Indian settlement on the Ohio from Pitts- 

 burg to Louisville (Hutchins, Descrip., 

 1778). From the Ohio they crossed over 

 to the headwaters of Scioto and Sandusky 

 rs., where they liegan to be known as the 

 Senecas of Sandusky, either because the 

 majority were Seneca or because all the 

 western Iroquois were supposed to be 

 Seneca. They were called Seneca in 

 their first relations -with the Government, 

 and that name thus became their official 

 designation, generally with a descriptive 

 addition to indicate their habitat. About 

 1800 they were joined by a part of the 

 Cayuga, who had sold their lands in New 

 York. In Ohio one part formed a con- 



