868 



MINICONJOU 



[B, A. B. 



nection with the Shawnee at Lewistown, 

 while the rest had their villa^^e on San- 

 dusky r. The mixed band at Lewistown 

 became known as the Mixed Seneeas and 

 Shawnees, to distinguish them from the 

 others, who were still called Seneeas of 

 Sandusky. In 1831 both bands sold their 

 lands in Ohio and removed to a tract in 

 Kansas, on Neosho r., whence they re- 

 moved in 1867 to Indian Territory, where 

 they now are, the two bands being united 

 and having no connection with the 

 Shawnee. In 1831 the Sandusky band 

 numbered 251, \)ut by 1885 the entire 

 body had become reduced to 239. In 1905 

 they numbered 366. 



On Herman's map of 1670 is a notice of 

 a tribe called the Black Mincciuas living 

 beyond the mountains on the large Black 

 Minequa r., probal)ly the Ohio r. For- 

 merly, by means of a branch of this river 

 which approached a branch of the Sus- 

 quehanna above the Conestoga fort ( prob- 

 ably the Juniata r. ), "those Black Minc- 

 quas came over and as far as Delaware to 

 trade, but the Sassquahana and Sinnicus 

 Indians [Conestoga and Seneca] went 

 over and destroyed that very great Na- 

 tion." This statement and the location 

 make it i>robable that the Black Mincquas 

 were the Erie, q. v. (j. m. ) 



Five Nations of the Sciota Plains. — Bouquet (1764), 

 quoted by Kupji, W. Fcnii., app., 144, 1846. Mine- 

 oes.— Cowley (1775) in Areh. of Md., 94, 1892 

 (misprint). Mingo. — See Iroquois. Neosho-Sene- 

 cas. — Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, iv, 591, 1854. San- 

 dusky Seneeas. — Lang and Taylor, Rep., 26, 1843. 

 Seneeas of Ohio.— Ft Stanwix treaty (1768) in N. Y. 

 Doc. Col. Hist., VIII. Ill, 1857. Seneeas of San- 

 dusky.— Seneca Agency treaty (18;i2) in V. S. Ind. 

 Treaties, 6.59, 1837. Seneeas of Sandusky and Stony 

 creek.— Greenville treaty (1814) in Am. St. Papers, 

 Ind. Aff., 1, 826, 1832. Seneeas of the Glaize.— :Mau- 

 mee council (1793), ibid., 357. Six Nations living 

 at Sandusky.- Greenville treaty (1795) quoted by 

 Harris, Totn-, 250, 1805. 



Miniconjou ('those who plant beside 

 the stream'). A division of the Teton 

 Sioux. Their closest afhnity is with the 

 Oglala, Brule, and Hunkpapa Teton. As 

 the whites did not come into actual con- 

 tact with the Teton tribes until recent 

 times, there is no evidence as to their an- 

 tiquity as distinct organizations. The 

 lirst mention of the Minii-onjou, unless 

 under some unidentified name, isby Lewis 

 and Clark (1804). These authors (Ex- 

 pedition, I, 61, 1814) speak of them as 

 " Tetons Minnakenozzo, a nation inhab- 

 iting both sides of the Missouri above the 

 Cheyenne r., and containing about 250 

 men." This indicates a population of 

 perhaps 800, probably much below their 

 actual number. Tlieir history since they 

 became known to the whites consists, 

 like that of the other Sioux, of little else 

 than war with and raids ujjon other 

 tribes and depredations on tlie whites. 

 They are frequently alluded to in official 

 and other reports as among the most 



unruly and troublesome of the Teton 

 tribes. Haydensays: "This band, though 

 peaceable when ruled by good chiefs, has 

 always been very wild and independent, 

 seldom visiting the trading posts, either 

 on the Platte or on the Missouri, and 

 having no intercourse with white men 

 except with a few traders during the 

 winter season." They were estimated in 

 1850 by Culbertson (Smithson. Rep. for 

 1850, 142) at 270 lodges, or between 2,100 

 and 2,200 i)eoi)le. At this time, and 

 until brought upon reservations, they 

 roamed over the Blai'k hills and head- 

 waters of Cheyenne r., being usually 

 found from Cherry cr. on the Cheyenne 

 to Grand r. Gen. Warren (1856) esti- 

 mated them at 200 lodges and 1,600 souls. 

 The Ind. Aff. Rep. for 1863 gives 1,280 as 

 the po|)ulation. They are now located 

 with other Sioux bands on Cheyenne 

 River res., S. Dak., but are not separately 

 enumerated. 



The divisions given by Lewis and Clark 

 are as follows: (1) Minnakineazzo (Mini- 

 conjou), (2) Wanneewackataonelar, (3) 

 Tarcoehparh. Culbertson (Smithson. 

 Rep. 1850, 142, 1851). mentions four: (1) 

 River that Flies, (2) Those that Eat no 

 Dogs, (3) Shell-earring band, (4) Lejaga- 

 datcah. Swift (1884), from information 

 received from Indian sources, gives the 

 following divisions (15th Rep. B. A. E., 

 220, 1897): (1) I^nkcheyuta, (2) Glag- 

 lahecha, (3) Sunkayuteshni (Those that 

 Eat no Dogs), (4) Nighetanka, (5) Wak- 

 pokinyan, (6) Inyanhaoin (Shell-earring 

 band), (7) Shikshichela, (8) Wagle- 

 zaoin, (9) "Wannawegha (probably the 

 Wanneewackataonelar) . 



The Miniconjou were participants in 

 the peace treaty of Ft Sully, S. Dak., Oct. 

 10, 1865, and in the treaty of Ft Laramie, 

 Wyo., Apr. 29, 1868, by which they and 

 other Sioux tribes were pledged to cease 

 hostilities and the United States agreed 

 to set apart for them a reservation. 



(.J. o. D. c. T. ) 

 Mee-ne-cow-e-gee. — Catlin.N. Am. Inds.,1,211, 1844. 

 Memacanjo.— Clark quoted by Coues, Lewis and 

 C)arkExped.,i,101,note, 1893 (trans, 'makefence 

 on the river'). Men-i-cou-zha. — Hoffman in H. R. 

 ■Doc. 36. 33d Cong., 2d sess., 3, 1855. Minecogue. — 

 Ind. Aff. Rep. ,285, 1854. Minecosias.— Sage, Scenes 

 in Rocky.Mts.,58, 1846. Mineeougan. — Vaughan in 

 H. R. Doc. 36,33d Cong., 2d sess. 6. ls.'>5. Mi-ne-kaij'- 

 zus.— Hayden, Ethnog. and Fliilol. Mo. Val., 374, 

 1862. Mini-con-gsha.— Culbertson in Smithson. 

 Rep. 1850, 142,1851. Mini-Conjou.— Smith.son.Misc. 

 Coll., XIV, art. 5, 6, 1878. Minicoughas.^HofFman 

 in H. R. Doc. 36, 33d Cong., 2d se.ss., 4, 1865. 

 Minicoujons.— Win.ship in H. R.Rep. 63, 33d Cong., 

 2d sess., 6, 18.55. Mini-kan-jous.— Warren (1855), 

 Neb. and Ariz. ,48, 1875. Minikanoju.— Cleveland, 

 letter to J. O. Dor.sey, 1884. Minikanyes. — Warren, 

 Dacota Country, 16, 1855. Minikaijye wozupi. — 

 Riggs, Dakota Gram, and Diet., xvi, 18,52 (trans, 

 'those wlio plant by the water' ). Min-i-kaij'-zu. — 

 Hayden, Ethnog. and Philol. Mo. Val., 376, 1862. 

 Minikiniad-za. — Brackcnridge, Views of La., 78, 

 181 1, Minikomjoos.— Smet, Letters, 37. note, 1848. 

 Minikonga.— Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 5, 494, 1855. 



