BULL. 30] 



MUNSEE 



957 



Fols-avoin-Sauters. — Schermerhorn (1812) in Mass. 

 Hist. Soc. Coll., 2d s., ll, 12, 1814. Fols-avoise.— 

 Ibid., 13. la Fallorine.— Lewis and Clark, Discov., 

 28, 1806 (misprint). La FoUovoine.— Ibid., 30. 

 Manominikaciyag. — \Vm. Jones, inl'n, 1905 

 (proper form). Mun-o-min-ik-a-sheenh-ug. — War- 

 ren (1852) in Minn. Hist. Soc. Coll., v, 38, 1885. 

 Mun o-min-ik-a-she-ug. — Ramsey in Ind. Al¥. Rep., 

 86, 1850. Rice Makers. — Ibid. St Croix Indians. — 

 Warren (1852) in Minn. Hist. Soc. Coll., v, 335, 

 1885. 



Munsee {Min-asiu-ink, 'at the place 

 where stones are gathered together.'— 

 Hewitt). One of tlie three principal di- 

 visions of the Delawares, the others being 

 the Unanii and Unalachtigo, from whom 

 their dialect differed so much that they 

 have frequently been regarded as a dis- 

 tinct tribe. According to Morgan they 

 have the same three gentes as the Dela- 

 wares proper, viz, Wolf ( Tookseat), Turtle 

 (Pokekooungo), and Turkey (Pnllaook). 

 Brinton says these were totemic designa- 

 tions for the three geographic divisions 

 of the Delawares and had no reference to 

 gentes (see Delauxire). However this 

 may be, the Wolf has commonly been 

 regarded as the totem of the Munsee, 

 who have frequently been called the 

 Wolf tribe of the Delawares. 



The Munsee originally occupied the 

 headwaters of Delaware r. in New 

 York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, 

 extending s. to Lehigh r., and also 

 held the w. bank of the Hudson from 

 the Catskill mts. nearly to the New 

 Jersey line. They had the Mahican and 

 Wappinger on the n. and e., and the 

 Delawares on the s. and s. e., and were 

 regarded as the protecting barrier between 

 the latter tribe and the Iroquois. Their 

 council village was Minisink, probably in 

 Sussex CO., N. J. According to Rutten- 

 ber they were divided into the jMinisink, 

 Waoranec, Warranawonkong, Mameko- 

 ting, Wawarsink, and Catskill. The^Iini- 

 sink formed the principal division of the 

 Munsee, and the two names have often 

 been confounded". The bands along the 

 Hudson were prominent in the early his- 

 tory of New York, but as white settle- 

 ments increased most of them joined their 

 relatives on the Delaware. In 1756 those 

 remaining in New York were placed upon 

 lands in Schoharie co. and were incor- 

 porated with the Mohawk. By a fraud- 

 ulent treaty, known as the "Walking 

 Purchase," the main l)ody of the INIunsee 

 was forced to remove from the Delaware 

 about the year 1740, and settled at Wy- 

 alusing on the Susquehanna on lands as- 

 signed them by the Iroquois. Soon after 

 this they removed to Allegheny r.. Pa., 

 where some of them had settled as early 

 as 1724. The Moravian missionaries had 

 already begun their work among them 

 (see 3Iiss!ons; Moravians), and a consider- 

 able number under their teaching drew 

 off from the tribe and became a separate 



organization. The others moved w. with 

 the Delawares into Indiana, where most of 

 them were incorporated with that tribe, 

 while others joined the Chippewa, Shaw- 

 nee, and other tribes, so that the Munsee 

 practically ceased to exist as an organized 

 body. Many removed to Canada and set- 

 tled near their relatives, the Moravian 

 Indians. 



On account of the connection of the 

 Munsee with otlier tribes, it is impo.ssible 

 to estimate their numbers at any period. 

 Ill 1765 those on the Suscjuehanna were 

 about 750. In 1843 those in the United 

 States were chiefly with the Delawares in 

 Kansas, and numbered about 200, while 

 others were with the Shawnee and Stock- 

 bridges, besides those in Canada. In 

 1885 the only Munseeothcially recognized 

 in the United States were living with a 

 band of Chippewa in Franklin co., Kans., 

 both together numbering only 72. The 

 two liands were united in 1859, and oth- 

 ers are incorjiorated with the Cherokee 

 in Indian Ter., having joined them 

 about 1868. These Munsee were more 

 commonly known in recent years as 

 "Christians." In Canada the band of 

 Munsee settled with the Chippewa on 

 Thames r., in Caradoc tp., Middlesex 

 CO., Ontario, numbered 119 in 1886, 

 while the Moravians, who are main- 

 ly Munsee, living near them in Oxford 

 township, Kent co., numbered 275 in 



1884. According to the Canadian Ind. Aff. 

 Rep. for 1906, the Moravians of the 

 Thames numbered 348 persons, and the 

 " Munsees of the Thames" numbered 

 118. There are also a few Avith the 

 Stockbridges at Green Bay agency. Wis. 



The Munsee have been parties to the 

 following treaties with the United States: 

 Treaty of Fort Industry, O., July 4, 1805, 

 with the Ottawa, Wyandot, and other 

 tribes. Appendix to tlie ^lenominee 

 treatv with the United States at Green 

 Bay," Wis., Oct. 27, 1832, by the Stock- 

 bridges, INIunsee, Brothertons, and others. 

 Treaty of Stockbridge, Wis., Sept. 3, 1839, 

 by Stockbridges and Munsee. Treaty of 

 Stockbridge, Wis., Feb. 5, 18.56, amend- 

 ing treaty of Sept. 3, 1839. Treaty at 

 Sac and Fox agency, Kans., July 16, 

 1859, in connection with certain Chip- 

 pewa. (.1. M. ) 

 Humenthi.— Gatschet, Shawnee MS., B. A. E. 1882 

 (Shawnee name; pi. Hnmenthigi, from mTneth'i, 

 'island'). Mantuas. — Authorityof ISIOquoted bv 

 .Tones, Ojebway Inds., 121, 1861. Mincees. — Win- 

 field, Hud.son Co., 8, 1874. Minci,— Morgan, League 

 Iroq., map, 1851 Hinissi. — Barton, New Views, 

 app., 2, 1798. Minseys. — Heckewelder in Trans. 

 Am. Pliilos. Soc, n. s., iv. 3<is. 1S31. Minsimini,— 

 Walam Olum (1833) in Brinton Lenape Leg., 214, 



1885. Minsis. — Stuvvesant (1660) quoted by Rnt- 

 tenber. Tribes Hud.son R., 140, 1872. Moiicey.— 

 Writerof 1842 in Day, Penn., 640, 1843. Monsays.— 

 Croghan (1765) in Monthly Am. .Tour. Geo].. 271, 

 1831. Monsees. — Barton, Nt'W A'iews. xxvii, 1797. 

 Uonseys. — Ft Johnson Conference (1756) in N. Y, 



