KIDDER—GUERNSEY ] ARCHEOLOGICAL EXPLORATIONS IN ARIZONA ot 
or shaping of the stones. The coursing is primitive, and a large 
amount of adobe mortar and spalls (chips of stone and potsherds) 
are in evidence (pl. 6,6). These defects were undoubtedly concealed 
by a coating of plaster, but this had been entirely removed by the 
severe sand-scouring of the southerly winds. The exterior of the 
wall is very rough and not brought to any uniformity of face. 
The floor is partly made from the bedrock of the cave, pecked and 
chipped down, in a rather unsuccessful attempt at leveling; partly 
of adobe. Where the adobe floor remains, it 1s hard-packed and 
level, and shows repeated top-coverings; it is, however, so badly 
Fie. 4.—Section of Ruin 2, showing kiva, terraces, etc. 
broken and disintegrated that the round fire pit is the only “ floor 
feature” that could be distinguished; it is 2 feet in diameter, 5 
inches deep, lined and coped with stones and adobe, and filled with 
white ashes. Whether or not a deflector or a sipapu (ceremonial 
opening) had ever been present cannot be determined. The ven- 
tilator opening sets 2 inches above the floor and is unusually small 
(11 inches high by 9 inches wide). Its edges are neatly rounded off 
with adobe, and it has a little step or sill made from a stone slab 
projecting 3 inches into the room. The vertical shaft rises directly 
