KIDDER—GUERNSEY | ARCHEOLOGICAL EXPLORATIONS IN ARIZONA 35 
of all the ruins examined.t’ The average of the six belonging to 
rooms 1, 2, and 3 is 23 inches high by 17 inches wide. For sills, 
slabs of sandstone were used. The jambs are rounded off with adobe 
and the lintels are double; an overlintel of stone with a wooden lintel 
of slim oak or cedar rods set 1 inch below it (fig. 12). Stone slabs 
do not seem to have been used to close these doors, as there is neither 
recessing of the jambs to receive them? nor any sign of staples to 
hold them in place (cf. Cummings, 1910, p. 23). The doorway in 
room 4, very considerably smaller. (18 by 18 inches), was of similar 
construction. 
Evidence as to roofing was very meager; no beams were found 
either in place or in the refuse. It was quite evident that this build- 
ing was not destroyed by fire, nor could the beams have rotted away. 
We must therefore conclude, as in 
the case of Ruin 1 and many other ga. a pan se ar BTS 
cliff-dwellings, that the beams were ¢guza Hemee 
removed by the owners when the oe 
house was abandoned, or by other = 
house-building people of ancient zl 
times who did not wish to un- 
dertake the labor of cutting and 
shaping new ones. The Navaho’s 
well-known dread of ruins of hab- 
itations is quite sufficient to acquit 
them of any hand in the matter.’ 
In each short wall of room 2 are fate 
Y 2.—Doorway in Ruin 3. 
four 38-inch beam sockets, and along : 
the long walls at about 2-foot intervals are holes for the reception of 
smaller cross sticks. These are at a height of only 4 feet from the 
floor, making the apartment a very low-studded one. In room 3, 
although the outer wall stands to a height of nearly 6 feet, the 
beam rests are not visible. The southeast corner of room 3 was 
occupied by an ash bed, and the adjacent walls showed so much 
smoking that, although there was no pit or inclosed space, it was 
evidently the location of a regularly used fireplace. In the outer 
wall at this point and at the level of the floor is a draft or ventilating 
hole, 6 inches in diameter.* 
There was very little rubbish in the cave, either in the open pas- 
sageway between the line of the rooms and the rock ledge behind or 
iif eacau ee 
1No tau-shaped doors were seen in any of the ruins examined during the summer, 
nor have any such as yet been reported from the region by Fewkes or Cummings. 
2See pl. 12, a, a doorway in Ruin 6. 
® This question of the presence or absence of beams may eventually help us in a 
minor way to determine the sequence of houses in a given locality. 
*Not. before recorded for cliff-dwellings, but found at Puyé and Tyuonyi, northwest 
of Santa Fe, N. Mex. 
