48 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [ BULL. 65 
i6 ground-floor rooms, five or six of which had once been two stories 
high, and two kivas (fig. 20). As usual, the rooms are arranged 
about the back of the cave, the kivas are set in front, and low re- 
(aining walls convert the remaining space into living terraces; the 
larger at the front of the cave, the smaller at a slightly higher level, 
behind the kivas and between two groups of rooms. On the back 
walls of the cave there are numbers of pictographs, a few pecked, but 
the majority painted in red and yellow. 
Architecturally Olla House is precisely like all the other cliff- 
dwellings thus far described. The masonry is of rough stones of 
all sizes and shapes, vaguely coursed, laid up with a great deal 
of adobe mortar and heavily spalled. While the walls average only 
8 inches thick, they are surprisingly firm and solid. In some parts 
of the building the outer surface of the walls was evidently finished 
Iria. 20.— Plan’ of Ruin 7. 
with adobe plaster, traces of which can be seen in plate 13, b, on the 
wall of the left-hand room. All walls, however, were not so treated, 
nor was the interior of the rooms commonly plastered. Although 
there is no evidence of fire, all the roofs have disappeared; the sock- 
ets for the beams, however, show the use here, as in Firestick House, 
of two or three large timbers, crossed at right angles by seven or 
eight small ones. Where second stories are present, the upper and 
lower rooms each have doors of their own. The doorways them- © 
selves average 23 inches high by 14 inches wide at the top and 15 
inches at the bottom. They are provided with lintels made of wooden 
rods and stone slab overlintels; the slab forming the sill projects in a 
number of cases to form a little ledge or step (see pl. 13, ), left-hand 
room). 
With the exception of room 1, whose floor had apparently been 
leveled with refuse, the rooms contained little but blown sand and 
