KIDDHR—GUERNSBEY ] ARCHEOLOGICAL EXPLORATIONS IN ARIZONA 63 
ings seem to have been from 30 to 100 feet long, 8 to 10 feet wide, and 
usually two stories high. These units are sometimes so placed as 
to make rectangular inclosures, sometimes merely set close to each 
other without touching. 
To return to Ruin A, the building was, as Professor Cummings 
and Dr. Fewkes point out, probably two stories high. The roof 
beams, 7 feet 3 inches above the present ground level, are set 3 feet 
apart and are bedded in holes in the masonry, the butts and ends 
running clear through the walls. In saying that the masonry is 
roughly laid, Dr. Fewkes does the builders a little less than jus- 
tice, for the stonework is superior to nine-tenths of the masonry 
of the Southwest, ancient or modern. The wall, 23 inches thick, is 
double-faced, with a hearting of adobe and rubble. It is constructed 
of large, fairly well-matched stones, distinctly coursed and with some 
attempt both at breaking joints and bonding corners. The interior 
is less carefully finished than the outside, probably because it was 
covered with a layer of plaster; the faces of the stones on the exte- 
rior have been carefully rubbed down ‘to an even surface (pl. 22, 6). 
There is one doorway in the standing part of the eastern wall; 
probably another in the section that has fallen. The door is much 
larger than those of the cliff-dwellings, but does not otherwise differ 
from them. 
While there are no surface indications of cross walls to divide the 
long building into chambers, we have no doubt that excavation 
would disclose them. Al] the houses along the pass appear to have 
had heavy outer walls and more lightly built inner partitions. The 
question of the interior arrangement of the long corridor-like units 
could be settled by a little digging. This we were unable to do, as 
our somewhat limited time was entirely taken up with general 
exploration of the different sites, clearing a surface kiva, and exca- 
vations in the burial places. 
The result of our general exploration was the discovery of an 
almost continuous line of villages from Ruin A, the southernmost 
limit of our work, to the mouth of Sagi Canyon. All these groups 
are as nearly alike as the variations of the topography allow. The 
houses are built on the hummocky lower skirts of the sandstone 
ledges; between them and the valley bottom are sandy inclines coy- 
ered with potsherds, broken stone implements, and other débris of 
occupancy. Here lie the burials. Where there was sufficient soil 
the kivas were sunk into the ground near the houses, but when, as is 
often the case, the house site is practically bare rock, they are placed 
1 Measurements: Height 32 inches, width at top 26 inches, at base 283 inches. Stone 
lintel 46 inches long, 2 inches thick. Wood lintel of cedar poles set 1 inch below stone 
lintel. Compare door measurements in room 6, Ruin 8; the wall of that room is of 
masonry much like that of Ruin A, 
