88 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [| BULL. 65 
this beam to the front of the cist was half covered with small sticks 
placed with one end resting on the wall, the other on the beam and 
at right angles to it. This arrangement left a small open space, 
probably an entrance or hatchway, near the upright crotched log. 
For this reason perhaps the crotch was introduced as an extra 
strengthener. The exact dimensions of the hatchway could not be 
determined, as the adobe portion of the roof was much crumbled. 
The roof beams were covered with sticks, which in turn were cov- 
ered with cedar bark, small stones, and a layer of adobe. The in- 
terior was completely filled with clean sand containing no trace of 
rubbish. The inside dimensions were as follows: diameter at top, 
5 feet; at bottom, 4 feet 6 inches; depth from underside of roof 
beams, 3 feet 6 inches. The roof was 2 feet 6 inches below the pres- 
ent surface. The largest slab used was 4 feet long, 2 feet 4 inches 
wide, and 4 inches thick; the 
average slab was somewhat 
less in width, but of about the 
same length. 
A layer of oak leaves was 
found some 5 feet below the 
surface in this part of the 
cave; below it there was no 
rubbish, and above it several 
inches of clean sand. 
Cist 14, between Cist 12 and 
the west wall, was built with 
unusual care of large, thin, ap- 
parently selected slabs (pl. 31, 
b, upper part of picture). The joints were carefully closed and 
smoothed over with adobe, and the junction of the floor and sides was 
neatly rounded with the same material. The top was finished with a 
rounded rim of adobe in which had been set several round, smooth 
sticks 2 to 3 inches in diameter by 12 to 18 inches long. The re- 
mains of a roof of small sticks covered with adobe lay in the 
bottom; under these was found a square-toed sandal. Nine inches 
below the bottom of this cist appeared the hard-trodden rubbish of a 
floor, and still deeper the stratum of oak leaves previously noted. 
The great care shown in the construction of this cist might justify 
one in thinking it to have been intended for the storage of water; it 
would have served that purpose well, and from our own experience 
in clambering up and down from the spring to the cave, would have 
been a great convenience to the ancient people if used in this way. 
It is interesting to note, in this connection, that at d (fig. 32), just in 
front of this cist, there was uncovered a large water-carrying basket 
(see pl. 78, a, 0). 
Fig. 33.—Plan of Cist 12. 
