KIDDER-GUERNSEY] ARCHEOLOGICAL EXPLORATIONS IN ARIZONA 191 
rounded and showing traces of charring; some consist of a single 
stick, others are rather carelessly attached to hafts (pl. 50, b, h). 
The hearths, of which only fragments are usually found, are also 
round sticks with rows of charred sockets in which the drills have 
been twirled; each socket has a little notch or trough for the engen- 
dered spark to fall through onto the tinder (pl. 50, a, ce, d, e). All 
the hearths are of soft wood save one (A-1409, Ruin 6), which is 
made of a sunflower stalk, and all but one (pl. 50, @) are round. In 
Ruin 8 a hearth and drill were found tied together as if for a 
traveling kit (pl. 50, 7). Fire pokers were common. They are 
usually greasewood sticks 18 inches to 2 feet long, smoothed off 
at one end and charred at the other. The Navaho use exactly simi- 
lar implements for tending their fires. 
Cups and dishes.—These are represented by two fragments of a 
shallow, traylike, wooden dish from Ruin 1 (A~-1162), and by a 
handsome cottonwood cup found in the kiva of 
Ruin 8 (fig. 46). It is 84 inches high, 22 inches 
in diameter at the top, 2 inches across the flat 
base. The interior excavation extends only a 
little more than halfway to the bottom. About 
the middle of the outside is an inch-wide band 
of zigzag decoration, apparently burned in, 
but now faint and indefinite. This cup, though 
somewhat broken and rather badly rotted, is 
still well smoothed, almost polished. An inch 
below the rim on one side is a hole drilled 
through to the interior. A similar cup in the 
American Museum, New York, has a hole of 
the same nature in the same position; it is from 
Grand Gulch. 
Spindle whorls—These are all flat and vary from 12 inches to 
2% inches in diameter. Besides the wooden examples shown in 
plate 51, c, d, there are also illustrated whorls made of squash 
rind (f), mountain-sheep horn (¢), and pottery (a). 
Crooks.—Sticks of various lengths, having one end. bent back 
parallel to or even touching the shaft, came to light in several sites. 
A series of three of these objects was taken from a disturbed burial 
in Sagi Canyon opposite Kitsiel in 1912 (pl. 47, 6). They are a 
little less than 3 feet long and are made of unworked sticks with 
their hacked ends left unsmoothed. The bend of the crook seems to 
have been produced by steaming; none of them are worn in such a 
way as to give a hint as to their use. More carefully made is 
A-1417 (pl. 47, a), both ends of which are neatly finished off and 
the crook is held down by a lashing of yucca sunk in grooves; the 
body of the stick is also partly cut away to leave a round opening, 
Tic. 46.—Cottonwood 
cup. 
