KIDDER-GUERNSEY] ARCHEOLOGIGAL EXPLORATIONS IN ARIZONA 193 
47, d), the butt of the foreshaft being further strengthened in its 
setting by daubing it, before insertion, with pinon or some other 
adhesive gum. Most specimens seem to have been painted a dull 
red color. 
The ends of the reed shafts are provided with three feathers, held 
in place by sinew wrappings about their butts and tips (fig. 47, 
é, g, h). The feathering begins in most cases about 1 inch from 
the nock, and varies in length from 2 to 54 inches, the average being 
about 3 inches. Under the feathers the shaft is usually decorated 
with broad, equal rings of red and green, sometimes one red and 
one green, sometimes red at either end and green in the middle. The 
extremity of the arrow is strengthened and kept from being split 
by the bowstring by the insertion into it of a tightly fitting wooden 
plug, held in place by a sinew tie; the nock is cut in this plug 
(fig. 47, 7). 
Problematical wooden objects—From Ruin 3 were taken two 
small peeled twigs 13 inches long (A-1275). One end of each is 
brought to a point; the butts are squared. From the butt for a 
space of 4 inches each twig is painted red, and at the end of the red 
zone there is a narrow sinew binding. In possession of Mrs. Wether- 
ill there 1s a large bunch of exactly similar objects tied up with a 
yucca string; the lot was found by a Navaho in a cliff-house, prob- 
ably in Sagi Canyon. In the American Museum there are others, 
from Grand Gulch. The Navahcs told Mrs. Wetherill that these 
twigs were knitting needles, and the New York specimens are cata- 
logued (by Mr. Richard Wetherill, the collector) under the same 
head. No true knitted textile has, however, yet been found in ancient 
ruins in the Southwest, so that this identification is doubtful. 
In Ruin 8 were discovered two badly rotted wooden tools (A-1598), 
one sword-shaped, 20 inches long; the other 154 inches in length, 
one-half inch wide, and three-sixteenths inch thick. They lay side by 
side in the débris, so that some connection between them is probable. 
They may, perhaps, have been weaving tools. 
“Strap sticks” is a guesswork title applied to a number of short, 
cylindrical pieces of wood from 4 inches to 6 inches long by one- 
half inch in diameter. They were found in several sites, but par- 
ticularly abundantly in Ruins 7 and 9.° Marks about them show 
that they were once wrapped with some material that kept all but 
the last inch at either end from becoming worn or soiled. Their size, 
and the evidence of covering about the middle, suggest their use as 
the end sticks of such textile bands as the one from the Mesa Verde 
figured by Nordenskiéld.t 
11893, pl. xlix—1. 
