142 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULE. 65 
in some large jars this fillet attains a length of more than 200 feet. 
The laying up of this coil is in itself a very difficult matter, and when 
it is considered that it was often also notched, indented, waved, or 
otherwise ornamentally modified during the building process, it will 
be realized how far removed this technique must have been from the 
first attempts of a nascent art. In the making of smooth-surfaced 
pottery any irregularity may be rubbed down or filled in, any fault 
of outline corrected by humoring the plastic walls into shape; in cor- 
rugated ware, however, no mistake could be corrected, and from 
beginning to end the coil must have been laid on with a’‘sure hand 
and steady eye that must have come from long practice, not only in 
the handling of clay, but in its mixing to exactly the proper con- 
sistency for this delicate work. We think that.it is no exaggeration 
to say that a large, ornamentally indented, corrugated olla required 
more skill for its construction than any other form of handmade 
pottery that has ever been produced in ancient or modern times. 
In view of these facts we have always considered that corrugated 
ware was by no means an early type in the general development of 
southwestern ceramics, and that smooth-surfaced pottery had un- 
doubtedly been made for a long time before its manufacture was 
commenced. No evidence in support of this idea was, however, 
forthcoming until we found, at Ruin 5, the remains of an early 
settlement underlying those of a typical Kayenta cliff-dwelling. The 
pottery in the lower levels was of two sorts: a well-developed black- 
and-white ware; and a rough cooking ware the vessel necks of which 
were encircled by a few heavy, coarse corrugations (see pl. 64, e) of 
the sort, which one would expect to be the forerunners of the finer 
corrugations which appear on the later jars. 
While the ceramic data from the Ruin 5 “ slab-houses” is limited, 
it shows that a good, smooth ware with elaborate decorations had 
already been evolved before the corrugated technique had passed out 
of its first tentative stages. 
SuHapes: Ollas are the most common corrugated form. They are 
capacious vessels with round bottoms, bodies elongated vertically, 
large orifices, and slightiy flaring uncorrugated lips. They range 
from 10 to 18 inches high. None have true handles, though some 
examples are provided at the neck with single or double imperforate 
lugs (pl. 57, 7) and others bear added plastic ornaments, such as 
scrolls (pl. 58, g) or “turkey tracks.” The ollas were evidently 
primarily intended for cooking pots, as most of them were heavily 
coated with soot when found. Cracked pieces were often harnessed 
with yucca leaves or strings and served as storage jars (pl. 57, a, 0). 
Jugs (pl. 58 e, #) were the only other vessels of corrugated ware 
recorded by us. They range in height from 4 to 8 inches and are 
provided with single handles, almost always placed vertically from 
