158 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL, 65 
Type I, a-—Cross weaving of whole yucca leaves over yucca leaf 
warps (pl. 67, a). There are only two specimens of this style in 
the collection; they are both made in the same general manner as the 
corresponding type of Cliff-dweller sandal (I, d; p. 103, and pl. 38, 
a, b, c), viz, by lacing the leaves back and forth across the warps and 
bringing out the large ends on the underside, where they are shredded 
into a pad. They have four warps, each one made of one yucca 
leaf; the small ends are brought to the heel, where they are tied 
together in the triple knot shown in figure 71, 6. The attachment at 
the toe is made by shredding out a bunch of the fiber of each leaf 
and fastening these bunches together (fig. 71, a). The rest of the 
\ ends protrude to form a toe fringe. The 
) type differs from the analogous Cliff- 
AN HH . dweller one in the toe and heel warp ties, 
| ) | \ i and in the presence of a toe fringe. 
, jig Type I, b—Cross weaving of crushed 
Ral yucca leaves over warps of the same mate- 
|p rial (pl. 67, 6). The leaves appear to have 
/-~=4 been rolled or crushed before they were 
tt = woven; although this process did not en- 
(tse tirely remove the parenchyma, it rendered 
‘ the elements fibrous and easy to manipulate ; 
the completed article, too, was probably 
softer to the foot than a sandal made of 
natural leaves. Each one of the four, 
sometimes six, warps consists of two leaves; 
they are fastened at the toe and heel in the 
same manner as in the simpler type de- 
scribed above (fig. 71). The heel is often 
Fic. 71.—Toe and heel warp somewhat rounded, but the toe is usually 
ties of Type I, a, sandal. 3 : 2 5 : 
square, and is again provided with a fringe 
made by the protruding warp ends. The weft strands are tightly 
woven in, and the butts form, as before, a pad on the sole (pl. 67, 0). 
Type I[1.—Cross weaving of thick cedar-bark string over warps of 
the same material (pl. 67, c,d). The string of which these sandals 
are made is a thick, soft, loose, two-strand twist of shredded cedar 
bark. The weft is continuous, running across and across. The 
warps, three, four, or five in number, are attached to each other at 
the rounded heel and at the rounded (pl. 67, d) or square (pl. 67, @) 
toe, in some manner which cannot be made out without destroying 
the specimens. There is no toe fringe. Sandals such as these could 
not have had great wearing qualities, as cedar bark goes to pieces 
rapidly under friction; but they were thicker, softer, and probably 
more comfortable than any of the other types, and may possibly have 
been worn as inner soles, 
