146 THE WOLVES. 
The fourth and fifth, actmones, and perhaps ieti- 
nus, were smaller; with a lengthened body, strong 
and shaggy limbs, but having the face more pointed ; 
the ears, eyes, and feet more diminutive. One had the 
back and belly whitish and the feet dark coloured, 
and the other was entirely black: they hunted hares 
with their fur bristling on end. 
In referring these to the species at present known 
to exist in Turkey, we may take it for granted that 
the first mentioned is the common rufous wolf of 
Greece, and especially of Natolia. The second may 
be regarded as the hoary variety, still abundant in 
the north of Canada, and not unfrequent in Norway. 
It was a mountain race, and appears to have hunted 
singly, not in troops like the other. The golden 
species is, however, more questionable ; although 
modern writers have followed Linnzeus in applying 
the name to the jackal, and Gesner believed it de- 
signated the hyena. It is evident that the animal 
was larger and more formidably armed than the 
former ; that it could not bear the heat, and was 
bright fulvous ; characters not applicable to jackals ; 
and that it was not the latter, because beauty can- 
not be ascribed to hyznas, who are sufficiently 
known, and are likewise able to bear the highest 
temperature without suffering. It is, therefore, only 
referable to the beluel of Persia, which appears to 
be the same as the wild dog of Beloochistan, by the 
ancients confounded with ¢hos, and by the writers 
of the present day it should be included among the 
dholes. 
The fourth species of Oppian we are inclined to 
