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THE COMMON WOLF. 
Lupus vulgaris. 
PLATE I. 
THE common wolf of Western Europe is in stature 
from twenty-seven to twenty-nine inches at the 
shoulder. The general colour on the head, neck, 
and back, is fulvous grey; the hairs being mostly 
white at the root, then annulated with black, ful- 
vous, and white, and pointed with black. Those 
beneath the ears, on the neck, shoulders, and but- 
tocks, being considerably longer, furnish a kind of 
mane, which particularly protects the throat: all 
are hard and strong, especially about the nose and 
on the ears. The muzzle is black; the sides of the 
cheeks and above the eyes more or less ochry, turn- 
ing grey with age. The upper lip and chin are 
white; the limbs ochry or dun, and adults have on 
the wrists an oblique blackish band. 
The French wolves are generally browner and 
somewhat smaller than those of Germany. White 
wolves occur sometimes among the races of middle 
Europe, but they are mere cases of albinism. 
The race of Russian wolves is larger, and appears 
more bulky and formidable from the great quantity 
of long coarse hair on the cheeks, gullet, and neck. 
