74 SIOUAN TRIBES OF THE EAST. [ethnologv 



warriors and a total population of 490 (Mass., 1). About 1784 they 

 Lad left only 00 or 70 warriors, or about 250 souls, and of these war- 

 riors it was said, '' such they are as would excite the derision and con- 

 tempt of the more western savages" (Smyth, 1). lu 1787 they were the 

 only tribe in South Carolina still retaining an organization (Gregg). 

 In 1822 they were reported to number about 450 souls (Morse, 1), which 

 is certainly a mistaise, as in 1826 a historian of the state says they had 

 only about 30 warriors and 110 total population (Mills, 4). In 1881 

 Gatschet found about 85 persons on the reservation on the western 

 bank of Catawba river, about 3 miles north of Catawba Junction, 

 in York county. South Carolina, with about 35 more working on farms 

 across the line in North Carolina, a total of about 120. Those on the 

 reservation were much mixed with white blood, and only about two 

 dozen retained their language. The best authority tlien among them 

 on all that concerned the tribe and language was an old man called 

 Billy John. They received a small annual payment from the state in 

 return for the lands they had surrendered, but were poor and misera- 

 ble. For several years they have been without a chief. In 1889 there 

 were only about 50 individuals remaining on the reservation, but of this 

 small renniant the women still retain theil- old reputation as expert 

 potters. They were under the supervision of an agent appointed by 

 the state. 



THE WAXHAW AND SUGEREE. 



Synonymy. 



Flatheads. — General (see Catawba). 



Wacksaws. —Crsiven (1712) in Col. Records of North Carolina, 1886, rol. i, p. 898. 



Wassaws. — Catawba luanusciipt in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 1853, vol. iii, p. 294. 



Waxaus. — Map of North America and the West Indies, 1720. 



Waxuws. — Dociniient of 1719 in Rivers, South Carolina, 1874, p. 93. 



JVaxhaics. — Logan, History of upper South Carolina, 1859, vol. i, p. 182. 



Waxsmvs. — Lawson (1714), History of Carolina, reprint of 1860, p. 60. 



Wisack. — Ibid., p. 72. 



Wisacl-ji. — Ledeier, Discoveries, 1672, p. 17. 



Sugans. — Vaugondy, map of "Amerique," 1778 (misprint). 



Sugaus. — Bowen, Map of the British American Plantations, 1760. 



Sugerec. — Lawson (1714), History of Carolina, op. cit., p. 76. 



Suturees. — AVar map of 1715 in Winsor, History of America, 1887, vol. v, p. 346. 



The two small tribes bearing the above designations are hardly 

 known except in connection with the Catawba, with whom they were 

 afterward incorporated. They may be treated together. The tribes 

 lived, respectively, about Waxhaw and Sugar (i. e., Sugeree) creeks, two 

 small streams flowing into Catawba river from the northeast, within, 

 what is now Lancaster countj^. South Carolina, and Union and Mecklen- 

 burg counties, North Carolina. As i)reviously mentioned (page 69) 

 the Waxhaw practiced the custom of flattening the head, a custom 



