16 JAMES AND POTOMAC ARCHEOLOGY [ 



BOREAO OP 

 ETHNOLOGY 



Tradition say.s an liuliau town was situated on tlie right bailie of 

 North river, opposite the gap 5 but very few relics, except some chips of 

 quartzite, and none of the usual indications of a village site, have ever 

 been found in the bottoms. A mound of peculiar form near by, which- 

 locally has been sui)posed to cover the remains of the ancient inhab- 

 itants, is of natural formation. 



The Indians abandoned this region soon after the battle of Point 

 Pleasant; none ever returned, except a few small hunting parties, who 

 never tarried in the vicinity more than a few days. 



On the farm of Jacob Horn, near the junction of Hayes and Walker 

 creeks, 2 miles north of Rockbridge baths, is a mound that has been 

 partially excavated several times by various parties, and many skele- 

 tons and relics have been taken out. The top of the mound is white 

 with fragments of human bones that have been thrown out or exposed 

 by plowing. The owner refuses to allow further excavation. 



At the summit of a pass through ]*^orth mountain, between Lexington 

 and Kockbridge Alum, are several stone piles, none of them more than 

 2 or 3 feet high. They are commonly sup[)Osed to be Indian graves, 

 but are probably only trail marks similar to those previously described, 

 as a trail formerly passed through here. 



A mile south of Goshen, at the Victoria iron furnace, a dozen or more 

 skeletons were disclosed, all extended on the back. There was nothing 

 to indicate whether they were the remains of whites or Indnms. 



Near the same idace, in making a road, the skeletons of a nuin and 

 boy were found 4 feet beneath tlie surface; the skull of the latter had 

 been pierced by a bullet. 



A mile north of Goshen, on the I>ig Galfpasture, one skeleton was 

 found in the river bottom. The finder described it as '"sitting up," 

 meaning, probably, that it was doubled and lying on the side. No 

 relics were with it, and no other skeletons have ever been found there. 



Four miles below Goshen the Big Calfpasture and the Little Calf- 

 pasture unite, forming North river. Half a mile from their junction, 

 equidistant from either, on a plateau from 40 to 00 feet above the 

 low bottom, on the estate of Mr Bell, are two mounds, both of which 

 have been opened. Before being disturbed the first was about 4 feet 

 high and 30 feet in diameter; from it were taken, according to the 

 description furnished, "a lot of arrowheads, some mica, 2 or 3 pipes, 

 some copi)er in small squares as thick as a quarter of a dollar, and a 

 good many beads, some lookiug like bone, others resembling amber." 

 The other mound is 2 feet high and 40 feet in diameter, and neither 

 human nor art remains were found 111 it. 



BOTETOURT COUNTY. 



15UCHANAN. 



Opposite the upper end of the town of Buchanan, where the bank 

 had caved down and the loose soil hatl washed away, there was a large 



