AlfCHEOLOGY 

 FOWKE 



MOUNDS ON DEAL FARM 



49 



the slope of the removed earth, whicli had been tlirown out on every 

 side alike, earth I'iled over and around them, and the mound covered 

 with a layer of bowlders. 



The other mound was somewhat larger, being 24 feet across and 2 

 feet high. It had been previously excavated, but examination of so 

 much as remaiiu'd undisturbed sliowed that it was constructed in the 

 same nninner as the first. Four feet from its base was the inner mar- 

 gin of a shallow ditch extending two thirds of the way around on the 

 northern, western, and southern sides. 



UENUY nUUMBACK FARM. 



On the farm of Henry Brumback, 3i miles north of Luray, near the 

 bank of Pass run, just above its continence with Ilawksbill creek, is a 

 mound 3 feet high and 80 feet in diameter; but 

 before being cultivated it was 8 or 9 feet iti 

 lieight. The bottom is level, subject to over- 

 How, and composed entirely of nuiterial depos- 

 ited by the creek, none of it being due to the 

 decomposition of rock in place. Bowlders of 

 varying size from the foothills on the east 

 occur sparsely along the stream, but con 

 stantly increase in numbers toward the hill 

 until the ground is covered with them. Spalls, 

 chips, fragments, and entire specimens are 

 abundant on the surface; and though all the 

 facts point unmistakably to a comparatively 

 recent date for the deposition of the soil, 

 many of these objects are perfect types bOth 

 in form and material of the " i)aleolithic'' im- 

 plements from the gravels. 



Five circles were marked off from the center 

 of the mound, the radii in multiples of 5 feet, 

 giving a diameter of 50 feet to tlie ontei- cir- 

 cle. This area was excavated to a depth of 2 

 feet below the surrouiuling level, eacli zone 

 being entirely removed before the one next 

 Ulterior was touched. In the outer zone at 

 least 40 different deposits of hunuin bones 

 were foniul at various depths, a dozen or 

 more of them being remains of cremated 

 skeletons. They wen^ so decayed that the 

 method of burial or number of individuals was 

 not <leterminable. None extended beyond the 

 outer circle. On the eastern side was a small pile of stones on the 

 original level; nothing was found under them. 

 BULL w=23 — —4: 



Fio. 13.— Spearhead from Deal 

 mound, Page county, Virginia. 



