52 JAMES AND POTOMAC ARCHEOLOGY [^,^ 



BUREAU Of 

 HNOLOOY 



West of these was a grave 3 feet in diameter and a foot deep. South- 

 west of this, or northwest of the center, was another, by 2 feet, lying 

 north and south, in which were G columelhis close to a skull that had 

 been partially burned, the teeth being coiux)letely calcined. Southwest 

 of the center was a sliallow grave by 4 feet, extending northeast and 

 southwest; the bottom was covered with charcoal intcriuingled with 

 decayed bone. These 8 graves — or 7 sei)arate pits — m ere tlins made 

 almost in a circle around the central part of the mound, but at varying 

 distances from one another. 



In the fourth zone, south of the center, several columellas, as well as 

 a iiuml)er of shell disk beads, were found at the original surface level; 

 and 2 feet above them were still other columellas and a handfnl of shells 

 of ManjincUa with the bones of a hand and wrist by a skull. All were 

 soft from decay. Sontlieastward from the center a steatite bent tube 

 pipe was fonnd, but no human remains occurred near it. 



Thronghont this zone were beds of decayed bone, mostly at 1 foot 

 and 3 feet above the bottom, though detached nuisses occurred at all 

 levels; wliile small deposits of burned human bones, either with or with- 

 out others showing no marks of heat, were frequent. 



East and southeast of the center was a grave 8 by 4 feet, trending 

 north and south, very irregular in depth and outline, extemling in places 

 to 30 inches below surface level. The bottom was covered with charcoal, 

 burned stones, and traces of bone, among which were 8 small shark 

 teeth, charred; with a skull at the margin nearest the center were au 

 arrowhead and a fiat pebble drilled for a gorget. 



The removal of these four zones left a central area 10 feet in diame- 

 ter. Near the center of this, on the southern side, among fragments of 

 bone on and above the surface level, were 15 triangular arrowlieads of 

 quartz and (juartzite, one of them stemmed, the only specimen of this 

 kind found in the mouiul. A few inches south of these, and a foot 

 higher, were numerous soft and broken columellas. Others were found 

 at various places in the block, sonu'times with decayed bone, some- 

 times alone, all traces of the bodies with which they had been interred 

 having disappeared. Northeastward from the center were several 

 pieces <^>f a small but very thick pot. 



Beneath this area were 3 graves, south, northwest, and northeast of 

 the central point, each large enough to contain several bodies. They 

 were irregnlar in outline and depth, extending in i)laces to the compact 

 gravel below. The bottom of each was covered with a layer of charcoal, 

 which reached a few inches up the sides; on this were traces of 

 decayed bone, but nothing else. 



Throughout the mound were bowlders, 2 or 3 in a place, laid on 

 deposits of bones, though never in sufficient numbers to cover them. 

 As a rule they were i)laced above the head. One, with a natural con- 

 cavity, had been so placed as barely to touch a cranium, the edges of 

 the stone resting on the earth all around it. 



