64 JAMES AND POTOMAC ARCHEOLOGY [Ithnol 



OF 

 OLOGY 



At various poiiit.s on the hillside above the spring, iu crevices formed 

 by iine(]ual erosion of the nearly vertical strata, human bones have 

 been found on the natural surface, covered with large stones some- 

 times to the amount of several wagon loads. 



Cairns are reported on the farms of Thomas Smith, near the Bowles 

 place, and Frank Shive, on Timber ridge, 4 miles north of Hancock. 



JEFFERSON COUNTY, WEST VIRGINIA. 



Stone mounds or cairns, from I'J to 30 feet it diameter and less than 

 3 feet high, have been located as follows: One near the cement mill, a 

 mile below Shepherdstown ; 2 on Jacob McQuilken's farm, 6 miles above 

 Shepherdstown ; and another on Harrison's farm, adjoining the last. 

 All have been opened, human bones and a few relics being found in 

 them. It could not be learned at what depth they Avere placed; the 

 excavations seemed to extend somewhat lower than the outside level. 



ALLEGANY COUNTY, MARYLAND. 



Several small cairns on a hill above the river, on the Cresap farm, at 

 Oldtown, were hauled away many years ago. Bones iu a fair state of 

 preservation and some relics, among them a very fine pipe, were found. 



There is a village site near Ellerslie, and one at James Pollock's 

 place, on the river, 2 miles above North Branch station ; there is also 

 a mound at the latter place, now almost destroyed. Other mounds 

 have existed in various parts of the county, but none remain intact, 

 unless in the vicinity of Flintstone. 



A trail down Wills creek, through Cumberland, led to the Wapj)a- 

 tomaka (South branch) valley.' 



HAMPSHIRE COUNTY, WEST VIRGINIA. 



The largest mound in Hampshire county is in the cemetery at Eom- 

 uey; it measures 35 by 40 feet (the longer axis trending nearly east 

 and west,) and is nearly 5 feet high, being made of stone and earth iu 

 about equal i)roportions. 



Two mounds on the Parson farm, a mile north of Romney, one 35 

 feet in diameter and 2i feet high, the other somewhat smaller, have 

 been thoroughly examined and reported to contain nothing. 



Two mounds, mostly of earth, are on the farm of Joseph Wirgman, 

 a mile south of Romney. In one, about 25 feet iu diameter, a small 

 pot was found entire. The other is 22 by 34 feet and 2 feet high, 

 the longer axis east and west. It covered a grave larger than any 

 other that has been disclosed in this region, being 7 by 8 feet, not 

 regular in outline, and extending 18 inches to the hard packed, dis- 

 integrated shale that could scarcely be dug with a pick. It had been 

 refilled with earth to the depth of a foot, and then large stones, some 



Kercheval, History of the Valley, 1833, p. 51. 



