sEiERl THE MEXICAN CHRONOLOGY 33 



resented and the ceremonies performed before the begiiniinu- of tliem, 

 in the xnia Ivaba kin, I have still another exception to make. Thon^ 

 is an error in these pages. In the lowest row of hioroglyphs, the ver}^ 

 one which contains the hieroglyphs of the various cardinal points, 

 north and south, xaman and nohol, d and J, arc transposed. It is obvi- 

 ous that this is an error. Nowhere else in this manuscript do we tind 

 the order of succession c/, d., c, h. Only in the carelessly drawn Codex 

 Troano-Cortes do we meet with a couple of inversions of the true order. 

 So w^e find in Troano codex, page 36, where, however, there seems also 

 to be an error, for the series goes on afterwards in the proper direction. 

 And so, too, in Troano codex, pages 30 and 31, we have a reversal of the 

 order, as the succession of the colors kan, ek, zac, and chac shows. Hut 

 these are exceptions. As a general thing the order of succession of the 

 3'ears follows the correct order also in the Troano codex. If we make 

 these corrections in pages 25 to 28 of the Dresden manuscript, we have 

 on these pages, as is fit, beginning with the east, the years answering to 

 the east, north, west, and south — that is, therefore, according to the 

 ))ooks of Chilan-Balam, the Kan, Mukic, Ix, Cauac years. But we 

 look in vain for the signs for these years on those pages. On the front 

 of those pages, on the other hand, two successive day signs are repeated 

 thirteen times, wdiich can hardly be anything but the last day of the 

 old and the first day of the new year. We have on page 25 VM (XII) 

 and Been (XIII); on page 26, Caban (XVII) and Ezanal) (XVIII); on 

 page 27, Ik (II) and Akbal (111), and on page 28, Manik (VII) and Lamat 

 (VIII). It therefore follows, according to the Dresden maiuiscript, 

 that the years corresponding to the east, north, west, and south — that 

 is, the later Kan, Muluc, Ix, and Cauac years— must have begun with 

 the days Been, Ezanab, Akbal, and Lamat; that is, with the Mexican 

 characters Acatl, Tecpatl, Calli, and Tochtli. This is precisely what 

 we learn from £he date 4 Ahau, 8 Cumku, and the other dates com- 

 bined from figures, signs, and statements in regard to months. 



In one of my first works, in which I stated the result of my Maya 

 studies (Zeitschrift fiir Ethnologic, volume 19, Verhandlungen, pages 

 224 to 231), I attempted to identify the deities represented on pages 

 25 to 28 of the Dresden manuscript with the deities mentioned by 

 Landa in connection with the X^iia kaba kin ceremonies. 1 think my 

 inferences at that time were perfectly correct. But l)ecause I did not 

 read the hieroglyphs of the cardinal points aright, and because I had 

 no knowledge of the circumstance set forth above, namely, that the 

 Kan, Muluc, Ix, and Cauac years begin witli the days Been, E/anab, 

 Akbal, and Lamat, I w^as forced to make the somewhat I)ol(l conjiH-ture 

 that the names given by Landa were probably to be applied to the fig- 

 ures in the Dresden manuscript, but not in the order Kan, Muhic, Ix, 

 and Cauac, as Landa reckoned the years, but in the order Ix. ^'iin'i'"- 

 Kan, and Muluc, as they appear in the Dresden maiuis(ii[)t. This 

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