158 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 28 



designated by the author as the west side. One of these causeways 

 leads to the left toward Azcapotzalco. The other I'uns back of the 

 fork due north. Where this causeway reaches the mainland the 

 name Calmacam is written down. Of course, it is doubtful whether 

 we are justified in connecting this name with the Camaca on our 

 fragment II, for on the map of Alonzo de Santa Cruz, of the year 

 1555," the name Caltlithm appears in about the same place. Never- 

 theless, I am inclined to think that there was a boundary line in this 

 region, that is, northward from Azcapotzalco toward Guadalupe. 

 Azcapotzalco was the first of the cities subdued by Mexico, and it is 

 expressly stated that the lands of Azcapotzalco were divided among 

 themselves by the nobles of Mexico, the king taking the lead. There 

 are, in fact, fertile farm lands at the base of the mountain, traversed 

 by streams of water which come doAvn from Tliliuhyacan, Tlalne- 

 pantla, and Atizapam. The water drawn on the left side of the frag- 

 ment may be the seashore, and the road running along the right side 

 may be the one which ran along the southern base of the mountains of 

 Tenayocan and Guadalupe. 



Lastly, on the right side of our fragment, outside the path, there is 

 drawn a figure which seems to represent a kind of box provided with 

 a mecapalli, the broad band of woven straw which was placed across 

 the forehead, by means of which the burden resting on the back was 

 carried. Perhaps this was meant to symbolize agricultural imjDle- 

 ments. 



Above the figure of Motecuhzoma, as I have said, runs the drawing 

 of a path. The figures seen on this and on the path at the right are 

 very realistic reproductions of the imprint of a bare foot, the sole and 

 the five toes, in sand or other light soil. These footprints are gen- 

 erally used in Mexican hieroglyphic writing to denote a path, travel- 

 ing over a path, or journeying or moving in a certain direction. 



I will designate the separate divisions or sections above this cross 

 path, proceeding from below upward, by the figures 1 to 27. Divi- 

 sions 7 and 8 are the most important. In division 7 there is above 

 a hieroglyph, which I Avill describe later with the others. Beside it 

 is the hieroglvph and the head, adorned with the royal headband, of 

 the brave Quauhtemoc, upon whom the Mexicans conferred the office 

 of king, that is, chief military commander, after the death of Cui- 

 tlauac. Motecuhzoma and Cuitlauac were sons of Axayacatl, the 

 sixth king of the Mexicans. Quauhtemoc was a son of Ahuitzotl, 

 eighth king of Mexico, and the power was conferred upon him 

 although there were nearer heirs. In Mexico birth only partially 

 influenced succession to the throne, as also to the other high offices of 

 state. It is well known how heroically Quauhtemoc defended the 



" Nordenskiold, Facsimile Atlas, p. 109, and Dahlgren, work cited, p. 10. 



