162 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 28 



Chimalpaliin. The difference between the two narratives apparently 

 can be exphiined by the fact that in the Anales of Chinialpahin we 

 have in the begiiniing an account of the interview held with the Mexi- 

 can princes immediately after the surrender of the city, while the list 

 Avhich then follows does not mention the princes present at this inter- 

 view, but those whom Cortes afterward sent as prisoners to Coyouacan 

 and put to the torture in order to wring confessions from them in 

 regard to the treasures left behind by the Spaniards in their flight 

 from the city. 



If we now retinii to our manuscript we see that in divisions 5, 3, 2, 

 and 1, below Quauhtemoc, the same four men are named whom Chi- 

 malpaliin mentions as Quauhtemoc's companions; but the order of 

 succession is somewhat changed, for, whilst we must always think of 

 Tlacotzin as occupying the first place, Oquiztzin must be in the fourth 

 place here instead of tlie second, as in Chinialpahin. 



The four persons, like those named in the other divisions, are ex- 

 pressed in our manuscript by a head with the name hieroglyph behind 

 it. Besides Avhich a scribe, wlio, as we have seen, made his entries in 

 the year 1565, has added the names of the persons in writing. 



Here, as elsewhere, the heads serve to show the rank of the person 

 designated. In our manuscript, Uanitzin and Oquiztzin, who are 

 named above as kings of Ehcatepec and Azcapotzalco, have the royal 

 headband of turquoise mosaic, like Motecuhzoma and Quauhtemoc. 

 These two alone of the four have the little tongue before their mouth, 

 the symbol of speech and also of power. Von Humboldt was of 

 the opinion that the Mexicans intended to designate persons as living 

 by the addition of this little tongue. That this is not the case here is 

 obvious, for Oquiztzin died earlier than the three others, and Mote- 

 cuhzoma, who also has the little tongue, earlier than any of the four 

 and before Quauhtemoc, who is represented Avithout the little tongue. 

 Apparently the tongue is meant here as the direct hieroglyph for 

 tlalitouani, '' the one who speaks ", or " the lord "', " the king ", a pen- 

 dant, as it were, to the royal headband. 



The third of the four, Motelchiuh, who was described above as a 

 war chief, is represented by the peculiar manner of wearing the hair 

 which was a distinguishing mark of warriors. Sahagun tells us 

 (App., chapter 5) that when warriors adorned themselves for the 

 dance they bathed, covered their whole bodies, except the face, witli 

 black color, and painted their faces with black stripes, and that in- 

 stead of combing their hair " they made it stand on end to give them- 

 selves a tei"rible aspect ". There were two different ways, as the pic- 

 tures show, in which it was customary to arrange the hair on these 

 occasions. One was to draw the hair together on the crown and wind 

 round it a leather strap, to which, on gala occasions, large tassels of 

 ornamental feathers 'were fastened, while the rest of the hair, as it 



