316 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [lu-i.t.. 28 



Vienna codex, page 30; c, from the Borgian codex, and d, from 

 Codex Telleriano-Remensis, page 2). These intervening parts of the 

 feather ornaments for the nape of the neck, especially in fragment 7 

 of plate XXXVII, are ver^^ much like the oculiform designs which sur- 

 round radially the faces of light in the sky border. 



Therefore this figure, as well as «, from the Colombino codex (Dor- 

 enberg codex), recalls A^ery strikingly the eyes of light, or radial eyes, 

 which I have already described in detail, and for this reason I believe 

 that this feather ornament for the back of the neck, cuezal-uitoncatl 

 is also intended to be a representation of the sun as well as that eye of 

 light, or radial eye. QuetzalcoatI or a kindred form is portrayed 

 in Codex Telleriano-Remensis II, page 25, rising from the jaws of 

 the night monster, with the sun on his back, and in the picture from 

 the Borgian codex reproduced in 6, figure 75, is represented his 

 brother Xolotl, with the sun disk on his back. The red guacamayo 

 feathers have indeed already pointed to this connection; for the red 

 guacamayo is the xilouela copijcha, as the Zapotecs called it, the 

 cuezal-tonameyotl of the Mexican Sahagun text, that is, " the picture 

 or the ]-eflection of the sun". The picture of the sun god was deco- 

 rated with the feather ornament, cuezal-tonameyotl, on the day Naui 

 Ollin, " 4 rolling ball '', which was dedicated to the sun.° It is 

 an important circumstance for the perfect understanding of these 

 forms and, not less, for the knowledge of the province which was the 

 home of this god or in which the people dwelt among whom this 

 form of the wind god was worshipped that in the description of 

 costumes in the Aztec Sahagun text Macuil Xochitl and Ixtlilton, the 

 light and the dark brother, are likewise provided with an uitoncatl, 

 otherwise called cuezal-uitoncatl. We recognized this light and dark 

 brother in the idol of the Zapotec Xa quie, or Teotitlan del valle, 

 as well as in that of Teotitlan del camino, situated near the boundary 

 between the Nahua tribes and the Mazateca. In the capital, Mexico, 

 the city of Uitzilopochtli, QuetzalcoatI had no festival, scarcely 

 a place of worship, nor in the other cities of the Valle de Mexico, 

 with the single exception of Mizquic ; but he had a sanctuary in Cho- 

 lula, and from that point along the entire road over which the Tol- 

 tecs, the wandering Nahua tribes, are said to have passed we find 

 more or less evident traces of his worship until we reach Cozcatlan, 

 inhabited by Mexican-speaking Pipils, in the present republic of 

 San Salvador.'' It was the Toltecs, or the Nahua race, " who were 

 familiar with Mexican, although they did not speak it as perfectly as 

 they use the language to-day ", whose lord and god was QuetzalcoatI. 

 "■ Since they were quick of wit and apt in trade the}^ succeeded in a 



" Sahagun, v. -1, chap. 2. 



'' Palacio. irelacion de Guatemala. Coleccion de Documentos in^ditos del Archive 

 General de las Indias. v. C (1886), p. 20 and following. 



