1889. }) CHAMBERLAIN, Birds of Southern Greenland. 215 
feed during that month and the next on the berries of Emfetrum nigrum. 
At that season they are easily shot, and their flesh is of a very savory 
flavor. The breasts of the young ofall species of Gull are eaten here asa 
delicacy. 
Larus leucopterus. IceELAND GuLL.—This species is abundant in sum- 
mer, and probably some individuals, young birds perhaps, remain during 
the entire year; but as no examples have been secured in the winter sea- 
son, andas these gray Gulls are silent at that time, it is possible that all 
those observed in winter have been Glaucous Gulls. 
In March the Iceland Gulls arrive from the south. In 1887, the first, a 
flock of several hundred, were seen on March 16, and ten days later another 
flock of similar size putin an appearance. About a thousand pairs usually 
breed on a cliff which overlooks the fjord, a short distance above Ivigtut. 
The nests are placed on the top of this cliff, about 2500 feet above the 
water. Young birds, fully fledged were found here on July 23. The 
young are frequently seeu in company with the young of the Glaucous 
Gull. 
Larus. marinus. GREAT BLACK-BACKED GULL.—This species is not 
numerous, and though partially resident,is most abundant during the 
latter part of the autumn. 
Fulmarus glacialis. FUuLMAR.—Mr. Hagerup reports having seen this 
species daily, on the voyage out from Denmark. It was first observed off 
the Shetland Islands, and was last seen within a few miles from the 
shores of Greenland. It has not been met with near Ivigtut. The birds 
met with in mid-ocean were almost entirely white, but on approaching 
the eastern shores examples of a dark sootish color were seen mingled 
with the light colored birds. / : 
Oceanodroma leucorhoa. LEACH’s PETREL.—A few examples have 
been seen near the mouth of the fjord. 
Phalacrocorax carbo. CoRMoRANT.—This is a winter visitor and 
though it is seldom seen as far up the fjord as Ivigtut, is quite common 
near Arsuk which lies closer to the ocean. On the first of April many 
were still near their winter quarters, and on the 12th of that month four 
specimens were taken. 
The skins of this bird and of the Loon are used in Denmark for ladies’ 
muffs, etc. 
Merganser serrator. RED-BREASTED MERGANSER.—Mr. Hagerup con- 
siders this a resident species, and reports taking examples in February, 
April, May, November, and December, though it is most abundant in 
April and May. 
Anas boschas. MALLArp.—A rather common bird. In the immediate 
vicinity of Ivigtut it is most numerous during the winter months, when 
small flocks gather on the fjord, keeping close to the shore. A few pairs 
breed in Ivigtut valley. Two nests with fresh eggs were found there on June 
27, 1886, and on June 26, 1887, two ducklings were captured, one in the 
harbor and the other in the village. They were only three or four days 
old, and must have been brought down the stream by the parent birds. An 
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