zGo HenshAW on the North Americati Shore Larks. [J^ly 



dimensions, ajzd in the whole of the unde7' parts beiizg whitish 

 [italics mine] ; but more particularly in the length and shape of 

 the bill, which is longer, more slender and rather more curved 

 above than that of the Shore Lark, either young or old." The 

 young of none of the Shore Larks are "wholly white beneath," 

 and the fact that McCall makes a direct comparison between his 

 specimen and a young Shore Lark renders it doubtful to my mind 

 whether he did not have a young bird of some other species. In 

 the uncertainty I prefer to rename this form. Baird's occidentalis 

 from vSalt Lake is referable to leucol(B?na^ as his specimens show. 



5. Giraudi. — That a form of Horned Lark should occur in 

 Texas different from the one inhabiting the plains region of the 

 interior is somewhat remarkable ; yet such is certainly the case. 

 The race is characterized by smaller size than arenicola ; the yel- 

 low of the throat is much deeper, and in a very large proportion 

 of the males the yellow overspreads the upper part of the breast. 

 The general color above is of a peculiar grayish cast, not easily 

 characterized on paper, but sufficiently peculiar to render identi- 

 fication of the form easy upon comparison. The bird is, perhaps, 

 confined to the eastern and southeastern portions of the state, 

 though its range is at present not well known. 



There is no doubt but that this form is the Alauda minor of 

 Giraud, as I ascertain by an inspection of his type specimen. 

 Dr. Stejneger calls my attention to the fiict that this name is pre- 

 occupied by the Alauda minor of Gmelin of 1788, as applied to 

 the Anthus fratensis ; hence, unfortunately it is not eligible for 

 use in this connection. As Giraud was the discoverer and de- 

 scriber of the bird, I have applied his name to it, as in some sort 

 a measure of justice to one who in times past has been dealt with 

 rather hardly by American writers. 



6. Chrysolsema. — This name has been indiscriminately 

 applied in turn to the Horned Larks of almost every portion of 

 our western territory, more particularly to those of California ; 

 true chrysolcema is, so far as now known, limited to Mexico, 

 where it appears to be a constant resident. It is considerably 

 smaller than arenicola., but is about the same size as giraudi. 

 It presents a combination of bright colors and rufous tints that 

 serve to distinguish it. The yellow of the throat is much deeper- 

 than in any other form. 



X Rubeus. — Reaching California a new form presents itself. 

 For this the name rubeus has been selected, as the deep 'sorrel' 



